Miscellaneous for repair

To determine the list of repairs should start with assessing the technical condition of the premises. As a result, it appears the state: bearing structures (columns, beams, walls, etc.), ventilation, drainage, heating and plumbing systems, wiring, joinery (windows and doors, built-in furniture), covers the walls, floor and ceiling. Depending on the degree of deterioration of structures and materials choose the type of upcoming repairs. It may be capital, when performed partial replacement of load-bearing structures, communications, then a full list of finishing, or cosmetic that is limited finishing work. Based on the research and measurement space is a project works or design project. Design project is useful not only for the coordination, proper alignment of forces and determine the necessary work on time, but for a more accurate calculation of the amount that would be needed for repairs. Counting the "offhand" gives an error of 20-30%, but on the basis of the project - only 5%. In this article we will address the range of building materials and systems for walls, ceiling and floor. Wall to wall decoration in the office premises used for painting wallpaper, decorative plaster, artificial and natural stone veneer different panels. In humid areas use ceramic tile, glass ceramic, plastic lining, laminated panels. Acoustic panels - thickness 40 mm, made of fiberglass. Have a high degree of thermal insulation and rigidity, resistance to water. Liquid wallpaper - paper pulp to be applied in liquid form on the walls. Granular surface roughness of walls hides a well. Suitable for quick temporary repairs. Short-lived, however, damaged areas can be restored. Cladding panels - are leafy and dialers. Material: wood, plastic, chipboard, MDF, etc. Easy to install and care, do not require surface preparation, hygienic, decorative. Any options for colors and materials simulations. Wallpaper is admitted, paper, textile and vinyl. The latter can be washed and glue in wet areas. Cork cover - decorative trim in the form of sheets, towels and the wallpaper. Cork sheets covered with wax, used in the kitchen and bathrooms. Heat and sound insulation material, protects from vibration. Used for decoration at home theater, music rooms, bedrooms, children. Has antibacterial and anti-static properties, is resistant to household chemicals. Flock - small colored flakes on the adhesive-based lacquer. Applied to any surface, does not require its preparation. Resistant to abrasion, scratches and bumps. Easy to clean. Plaster - today there is a large range of decorative plaster - a fur coat, Venetian, etc. They are very decorative, durable, washable and hide flaws walls. Walls - glass, plastic, metal on metal frame. Allow for quick and easy to implement redevelopment areas, zoned space. Durable. Ceilings alignment with subsequent application of latex paint - in this type of decoration is preserved ceiling height. But the work tedious, time consuming, does not allow placement of recessed fixtures, and with a device concealed wiring difficulties. Panel of polystyrene is easily glued directly to the slabs. The height remains almost unchanged, bumps visible. Less of such ceilings in an abundance of joints and seams, can not install recessed fixtures. But their main drawback is that they are not fire resistant, and therefore flammable. Plasterboard ceilings are mounted on a metal frame rails, creating a smooth surface. Lowering the minimum ceiling height - 7 cm, and with recessed light fixtures 12-20 cm can arrange multi-level ceilings of any configuration with the placement of different types of lighting and hidden lights. Painted in any color. Using water-resistant gypsum board, ceiling make this even in humid environments. Lack - access to utilities, passing over the boarding ceiling must be done hatches, which are noticeable and spoil the look of the interior. In the installation and operation of more than ceilings of the panels because of plasterboard ceilings have the highest operating costs. Suspended ceilings: General ceiling advantages are obvious: it allows you to hide the pipes and technical equipment under the ceiling, leaving easy access to the engineering and communication systems. Suspended ceilings also hides cracks, stains and other defects of the old ceiling. Installation, dismantling and cleaning of the ceiling is easier, faster and less labor intensive compared to other finishes, in addition, provide additional opportunities for installation of fixtures and ventilation grills, mounting partitions, mount signage. Also important is the fact that installing a suspended ceiling made on any surface (including unscripted). Modern construction technologies make it possible to mount a suspended ceiling without (or with minimal use) of wet processes, which leads to a decrease in terms of construction works. Armstrong offers a wide selection of ceiling tiles and planks of hard and soft mineral fiber and fiberglass, metal and wood. Ceiling product range includes ceiling with a smooth surface, as well as more conventional textured boards in various patterns and edges in several different sizes and colors and with different specifications. Stretch ceilings are often used in residential and public, both dry and wet areas. In the offices they can be installed in public areas - reception, lounge. Withstand a load of 100 gallons of water per 1 sq. km. m. Stretch ceilings are divided into "film" - PVC - and fabric - polyester fabric impregnated with a thermoset polyurethane. PVC film at subzero temperatures, becomes brittle and stiff. In film ceilings large choice of textures surfaces: glossy, matt, perforated, a metal, leather, marble, Venetian plaster, velvet, satin, wood. They are well stained (there were about 100 shades of color). The width of a standard blade 1,3-2,2 m, but it can be welded with subtle seam, increasing the width of 6-8 m, with a greater width of the ceiling sags in the middle. Polyester retains its size better than PVC, without losing the original quality even at -30 ? C. It can not be welded, stitched fabric, or connect using the profile. Choice of textures is much less than the ceiling of a film, fabric ceiling can be painted before installation. But they are cheaper than film and is easier to install than the ceilings of plasterboard. Agglomerate flooring - marble aggregate or sand, associated with polyester resin. Used for lining floors and walls. "Warmer" than natural marble and cheaper. Board made of wood - is solid or glued from planks used for flooring "deck" floors. Rubber coating - natural and synthetic rubber. Virtually unaffected by abrasion. It features gryazeottalkivaemost, antistatic, sound insulation. Available in rolls, tiles, especially for the stages (stage-cast or carpets). One-, two-, with a different pattern or smooth surface. Quartz-vinyl tile - 80% quartz and vinyl additives. Do not absorb moisture, abrasion resistant, non-conductive, resistant to acids, a large selection of colors. Allow you to create any design flooring. Easy installation and maintenance (can be installed by individual sites). Gres - material is extremely strong, durable, nonporous, with a picture to the entire depth. Simulates any natural stones. Water absorption is less than natural stone. From porcelain tiles make for all types of interior and exterior, window sills and table tops. Ceramic tile single fired - this is a solid tile flooring and walls, some species are used for outdoor applications. Double-fired tiles less stable due to the porous structure and are suitable only for indoor use. Clinker - high tile abrasion and the action of aggressive substances. Carpet - good sound insulation, heat and sound insulation. Variety of designs. With a long nap (sheg) - for the rest rooms. With a low pile (Saxon, velours, frieze, vystrizhenny) - in the reception and offices. In the corridors, public areas - looped or combined. For wet areas only recommended synthetic carpeting. For offices choose carpeting with a loop pile (it's more durable), 100% polyamide (nylon) or a mixture of wool with polyamide. Processing Pile Teflon stain-resistant properties and gives extended life. Laminate - made parquet. Resistant to abrasion, impact, compression, UV, chemical products. Antistatic, heat-resistant, easy installation and maintenance. Not recommended for wet areas. Linoleum - it consists of mainly natural materials. Easy to clean, hygienic. Large selection of colors and patterns. Natural stone. Granite and marble suitable for cladding floors, steps, making tabletops and windowsills. Vysokoprochen granite, resistant to abrasion and water resistant. Marble is softer on the acid and alkali on the polished marble spots appear. Parquet - sometimes from the array, layered, and bamboo. Bamboo because it is not tsiklyuetsya applies only in areas with low cross. When tangential sawing board shrinks in width. When radial - the thickness, so that cracks in the floor will not. Floor, covered with wax or oil, requires careful maintenance, but it is practically "eternal" because it does not need tsiklevat. Floors, varnished, sanded and lacquered change in 5-8 years. They serve up to 90 years. Parquet board - 2-3 perpendicular layers of wood. Top - made of hard and valuable species, the lower layers - from the pine. Not deformed, rugged, reliable flooring. PVC coating - made of mineral fillers of PVC additives. Tough, durable, maloteploprovodnye, do not rot, hygienic, a large selection of colors and pattern. Sensitive to strong solvents - you need to wash only the neutral compounds. It is impossible to lay next to a radiator - do not withstand heat greater than 40-50 ° C. Do not apply on the street. Coating on a fabric basis do not use in wet areas. Floteks (Flotex) - a new pile material combining the properties of commercial carpet and PVC coating. Its feature water-resistance, antistatic, good sound absorption and high durability (can be used even in supermarkets, airports and train stations). Hygienic - does not collect dirt, dust, easy to clean. Many designs can be made mosaic floors.