Glass and glass products

Window glass sheet is most common in construction and is intended to fill the light apertures of buildings and structures for various purposes. Sheets of glass should have a rectangular shape, the difference between the lengths of the diagonals of the sheet up to 7 mm, (a glass of the highest category - 5 mm), smooth edges and corners of the whole. Chipped and Shcherbina in the sheet edges are not allowed a length of 3 mm. The surface of the glass should be colorless and have no bright and matte stains and other signs of leaching. Window glass should be chosen such that the fracture it was blue or green tint. Glass with a yellow tinge to the break - low quality, ie poorly cooked. It should also pay attention to the presence of ripple-such a defect will distort the subject under consideration. Currently, flat glass is made mainly by the float method in which the glass melting furnace outlet is poured onto the surface of molten tin and farther in the form of a continuous belt passes through a cooling zone for further processing. Float glass is characterized by exceptional evenness and lack of optical defects. Largest size of the output window, as a rule, is 5100 - 6000 mm x 3210 mm, the thickness of the sheet may be even less than 2 mm and up to 25 mm. Its specific gravity 2491.4 kg/m3. Mass of 1 m2 of glass thickness of 4 mm - 10 kg. Through the glass thickness of 5 mm is 89% of the world. The resulting glass can be transparent, tinted or coated. It should be noted that gradually the float technology is in Russia and other CIS countries becoming more common. More than a half sheet of window glass and automobile glass, almost all the former Soviet Union produced by the float process. Outdated methods of glass is still used in small quantities in the production of known special glasses, which include production of figured glass, using different ways of rolling. "Sun glass": a common noun name given to the glass having the ability to reduce the transmission of light or solar thermal energy. These glasses are, for example, painted the whole mass of glass, various glass coatings. Photochromic (light sensitive) glass. Their properties are related to optical transmission, vary depending on the intensity of illumination. Glass darkens in strong bright light and vice versa. This effect is achieved, for example, through the influence of added to the glass mass of silver halide. Nonreflecting glass. These include clear glass, whose surface is almost not reflect sunlight. Visible light is reflected, for example, thanks to a special acid treatment. They are used, for example, in the manufacture of glass that cover the picture. Glass with a reflective surface (and coated glass or mirrored surface). These are coated glass type On-line and Off-line, obtained through the use of similar methods, a surface which reflects visible light and solar radiant heat better than ordinary glass. In appearance resembles a glass mirror. Using different materials for coatings, can affect the reflective properties of glass and its appearance, the intensity of reflectance and color tone of the surface. Signaling glass. Glass that can be connected to the circuit alarm signaling refers to glasses. In these glasses are electrically conductive coating or thin wires, which are included in the alarm circuit. When you break the electrical circuit includes an alarm. The term "glass front" used in relation to the panes, which are mainly used in the sealed cladding of buildings. For this purpose, commonly used by fusing a colored enamel paints glass, transparent glass or special sg-elements for the construction of glazing. Chemically hardened glass. In chemical tempering of glass creates a compressive stress on the surface of the glass workpiece by the processes occurring in a salt bath, during which ion exchange occurs on the surface of the glass sodium ions to potassium ions is large. For this reason, the surface layer of the glass preform having compressive stress. Chemically tempered glass is the same as the thermally tempered glass, mechanically much stronger than usual, but the chemically tempered glass at fracture divided into larger fragments, resulting in his most often used in laminated structures. Clarified glass. This is an absolutely colorless glass. It passes particularly well visible light and solar heat radiation, since the absorption and reflection is extremely small. Laminated glass is made by connecting the entire surface of two or three layers of colorless, colored or reflective sheets of polished glass with one or two layers of colored PVB film, high durability, adhesion and elasticity. If this fight glass shards remain on the film. The thickness of laminated glass - 5,9, 9,0 mm. Specific weight - 2,491 kg / m 3. Mass of 1 m2 of glass thickness 5,9 mm - 14,7 kg. Transmission of light for the sheet thickness 5,9 mm - 85%. Structural strength of laminated glass in 5 - 7 times higher than normal and is 2-2,5 times higher than that of tempered glass. A similar design and manufacturing technology in bullet-proof glass. Insulating glass units. As is now increasingly beginning to use windows, doors and walls, glazed double-glazed windows. Double-glazed windows are constructed from two or more sheets of glass with one or more air gaps. Gaps are filled with air or inert gas (krypton or argon) and limited compensatory hollow frame (profile) filled with a means to maintain the dryness, and the heat and soundproofing ability of the element is improved. In the manufacture of insulating glass units may use different types of float glass and obtained from them by the subsequent processing of the product. Glass. In recent years, interior designers have discovered an interesting material like glass blocks. Produced in a large number of beautiful colors, with varying degrees of transparency, glass allows a unique way saktsentirovat and decorate the interior, and in combination with judicious lighting - to achieve an excellent design effect. Installation of glass blocks is not particularly difficult.