''Warm''wall

How to keep warm in the house? Given that about half of all heat loss occurs through the building exterior walls, it is wiser it is here to protect the home from freezing. Among the most effective ways to do this - to build a wall from an efficient, heat-brick. How to keep warm in the house? Given that about half of all heat loss occurs through the building exterior walls, it is wiser it is here to protect the home from freezing. Among the most effective ways to do this - to build a wall from an efficient, heat-brick. Insulate walls of the case of a brick building, the options to insulate the walls are not so much. Firstly, you can increase the thickness of the walls of conventional solid brick. The solution, quite frankly, is not the best, because it significantly increases the cost of creating the foundation for the work of bricklayers, and besides, eats up valuable floor space, detrimental to the aesthetics, finally, in colder regions it is simply impossible: to get the required heating equipment, walls must be too thick. A more effective option - "introduction" into the design of wall insulation material (usually rock wool or polystyrene). The disadvantages of this method of warming can be attributed less durability and environmental cleanliness of walls, and in case of polystyrene - and even less fire resistance. In this regard, the effective application of ceramic bricks can keep warm, keeping all advantages of a traditional brick building: strength, high durability, fire safety, comfort for its inhabitants, due to the ability of walls to balance fluctuations in temperature, absorb noise, does not absorb harmful substances from the environment. What is unusual? Other names efficient brick - multislit, hollow - clearly explain the structure of this product: the main thing in it - emptiness, constituting 13-33% of its volume. They are different - the cross-cutting or dead-end, square or round. Not to be confused with full-bodied like bricks with holes to accommodate variations in size (usually - the restriction) pottery during the firing. Such voids prevent the formation of cracks or do not allow the cracks to spread further, the size and number of holes depends on the characteristics most clay from which bricks are made, but do not exceed 13% of their volume. So, why is an effective brick - a "warm"? The fact that it voids filled with air, which is an excellent heat insulator. In addition, multislit brick is less dense than the full-bodied, with a decrease in the density decreases the thermal conductivity of the material (density corpulent - not less than 1600 kg / cu. M, hollow - no more than 1400 kg / cu. M). Because the cold hard overcomes the "air barrier", he tries to "pass" through a brick through the wall (the jumper), enclosing cavities (walls give strength product). So, the important length of these bridges and positioning of air chambers. Relatively speaking, the longer and tortuous path through the cold brick, the warmer the house, that's why holes in the product are often staggered, and even in the form of a labyrinth. Other merits What is hollow brick retains heat much better than full-bodied - not only his dignity. Due to the holes it is much easier corpulent. If a standard brick weighs about 4 kg, effective at the same size, usually 2.5 - 3 kg, which means it at 25 - 40% lighter. And the easier it is brick, the lower the load on the foundation and, therefore, less area of ??the latter. To this is added and the thinner walls of brick effective - again, "relief" for the foundation. Given that the cost of building 20 - 25% of the foundation, the savings obvious. Another point: the use of such bricks reduces the load on the lower floors, which allows you to increase the height of the house or to build floors for renovation of the building. In addition, lightweight brick is easier to stack, so the construction is faster and the pace of construction of the building - one of the priority issues for the customer today. Plus, this reduces the cost of transporting bricks. Finally, the voids in the brick means that the clay for its manufacturing spend less, which means that it is cheaper. Producers of the improvement in soundproofing walls of efficient brick. On the other hand, the wall thickness of more than half, from whatever it may brick was made, almost always conforms to acoustic permeability (a common thickness of brick walls - 64 cm (2,5 bricks). Of course, if the clutch was not allowed "pustoshovka - blank solution of vertical or horizontal seams. If it is allowed, then the extra noise - not the most unpleasant to it. Much worse is that there will be "cold bridges", increase humidity indoors as well as in the construction of the wall, and it will shorten its duration service. You can also talk about improving the environment of the brick house, because airbags stop the penetration of harmful substances into the room. Box: The appointment of a ceramic brick building is divided into (ordinary), facial and special. Construction is to build walls and partitions, which subsequently are faced, plastered, painted. Since this brick is hidden behind a decorative layer, GOST requirements for its appearance are minimal. Facial designed especially for facades, so must have high-quality outer surface and is resistant to the effects of the atmosphere. specially designed for tough environments operation, it is used, for example, the device stoves, fireplaces, chimneys or paving, patios, driveways to garages and stairs. Scope Effective brick building is and facial. As a building it may be carrying and self-supporting, be used for masonry exterior and interior walls. In principle, it is important to have a good heat-shielding properties possessed one brick from which the erect bearing walls (the so-called zabutovochny), face not so strongly affects the heat technology. At the same time increasing the efficiency of a brick will inevitably lose its strength in bending and contraction, in other words, decreases mark that identifies its carrying capacity. Largely, it depends on the brand, how many floors "will overcome" the brick. On the other hand, when the recommendations on the application of a brick indicated the possible height of the walls of it, this figure is quite arbitrary, since the load on the wall for each particular building. Besides, the load may depend on various factors. For example, in a house where the main "burden" falls on the concrete frame and brick fills the gaps between concrete trusses, the number of floors one and in a house with brick walls bearing - something else entirely. Furthermore, it is necessary to take into account snow and wind load, the specifics of the subsequent operation of the building and much more. It is worth adding that an effective brick, from which we construct the exterior walls, is an important indicator of the frost, which must be at least 35 cycles (F35). When you can not use hollow brick? For laying of the first five rows of ground-floor of the building, both because of the voids may be infiltration of moisture into the wall. And do not coat them oven. Ultra-efficient, not long ago Ultra-efficient construction market appeared brick. It can produce an even better thermal insulation of the building: if the effective brick highest thermal conductivity - typically 0.28 - 0.4 W / m (C, then the ultra-efficient - 0,18-0,22 W / m (S.'s all about the special structure of the material from which it is made. The clay was added chips or other organic materials that burn during baking products, forming a tiny closed pores, hence another name for a brick - porous. Besides these Bricks are usually hollow, with a well thought-out shape and arrangement of voids. In recent years, producing even superporizovannye products, characterized in that for them as burnable filler is used, usually polystyrene beads. As a result, the pores become larger (respectively, the thermal conductivity is even lower - about 0,15 W / m (C), but due to the form then the strength of brick is quite decent - M-50. Since the density of porous products lower down the weight that allows you to create large-size stones (their size can reach 510 x 250 x 219 mm). The advantage of the stones rather than hollow bricks of standard sizes. Firstly, without using the heater walls become thinner (510 mm), since the length of the stone corresponds to the thickness of the walls, besides single-layer - with a simple ligation . Second, due to the format of the stone in 2,5 - 3 times the rate of increase of masonry. Further, fewer joints in bonding, and hence, reduce the solution (3 - 5 times), fewer "cold bridges" (a solution - a good conductor cold), that is still above the heat shield wall. Moreover, the usually large-stones are joined together by Paso-ridge system, thereby eliminating the need for vertical joints that still more highlights these advantages. For the developments of the corners and junctions, there are stones with special arrangement of grooves and ridges. The walls of the large-size stones can grout, and the corrugated surface of the side faces of the stones provides a secure grip of plaster to a wall. Also outside the walls can "hide" facing brick. It is worth mentioning that there are special large-size stones for interior walls and partitions, and in addition, there are stones with technological holes within its "body", which allow lay in the wall of various utilities - cold and hot water, steam and gas pipes, drains, cabling, and even channel ventilation. Of course, large-size stones are much more expensive than conventional hollow bricks. The stone is about 110 rubles. He is about 15 bricks, so the cost of a standard brick - about 7,3 USD.; price of a hollow building brick rarely more than 5 rubles. But if we compare the square foot of finished stone walls and brick, full compliance with SNIP II-3-79? "Building Heat Engineering. Design Rules", it turns out that the difference in price is not more than 10 - 15%, because the stone wall of thickness 510 mm corresponds to the brick-thick 510 mm plus 100 mm insulation. And the lack of insulation in a wall of stone allows you to keep uniformity built by design and, consequently, increase the life of the house. Add to this the lower labor costs, increased speed of installation, and lifetime savings in heating buildings, and the result is to build a building from porous stones profitable.