How to drill: helpful tips

Communications Before drilling the wall you should always check whether the selected location of water pipes and steam heating or electrical wiring. This is best done through a metal detector. This device responds to the steel, iron and nonferrous metals. It indicates the approximate depth of drilling and indicates the presence of conductive electrical cables. Communication Before drilling the wall you should always check whether the selected location of water pipes and steam heating or electrical wiring. This is best done through a metal detector. This device responds to the steel, iron and nonferrous metals. It indicates the approximate depth of drilling and indicates the presence of conductive electrical cables. Deep dust-free holes for dowels for plastic plugs hole depth must be greater than the length of the dowels. 10 mm is sufficient slack in the event that despite the careful removal, drilling dust still remains in the hole for the dowels. You can use the dust collection or just to blow a hole, but make sure to drill dust from getting into your eyes. If you want to remove the dust is even tighter, use a vacuum cleaner. To the metal drill was easier on a smooth surface like metal Your drill can easily slip off and you drill a hole, not where they wanted. To avoid this, before drilling punch a small hole in the metal. This usually takes punch - a steel rod with a tip at the end of that hammer driven into detail on the reverse side. In a small depression you are installing the drill.

How to choose a screwdriver

Screwdrivers, no matter how simple they are at first glance, the diversity of different such that simply amazed! The fruits of scientific and technological progress are available in abundance today, the buyer, the market economy makes its case: that neither the manufacturer - the original development. Only here do they know about them, choosing at times on a "screwdriver - it is in Africa, a screwdriver, and why pay extra for it? And then the calluses on their palms, twisted tip, rolled screws, etc. - "epiphany", bought their own money. So what should I look for when choosing this hand tool? Screwdrivers, no matter how simple they are at first glance, the diversity of different such that simply amazed! The fruits of scientific and technological progress are available in abundance today, the buyer, the market economy makes its case: that neither the manufacturer - the original development. Only here do they know about them, choosing at times on a "screwdriver - it is in Africa, a screwdriver, and why pay extra for it? And then the calluses on their palms, twisted tip, rolled screws, etc. - "epiphany", bought their own money. So what should I look for when choosing this hand tool? So, crank Because the handle is in constant contact with the palm of the user, its strengths and weaknesses are determined by two factors - the materials used and the geometry. From the latter depends on how force is transmitted to the screw, the moment and axial force force him to "take its place." The ergonomic shape provides for transmission of high torque band of large radius at the end of the handle with a wide round "neck" with no sharp edges, and closer to the bar - a narrow area ("waist").

Properties and composition of the linoleum

The construction of the word "linoleum" was fixed as a specific name rolled flooring. So called polymeric materials and natural origin, the coating is carried out on the basis of synthetic resins, and the base material (or lack thereof) is a series of varieties. Linoleum - a material, the polymerization is carried out by the oxidation of natural - oil binder, for example, soybean oil or flaxseed oil. Thereby explains the meaning of the name "linoleum" that c Latin translates as linseed oil. To date, in order to avoid associations with other kinds of roll materials, adopted this formulation as "Linoleum", meaning this type of coverage. In addition to oils in the composition of this type include linoleum and other natural ingredients: limestone powder, resin, wood and cork flour and jute fabric, running as a framework. It is known that the composition of the linoleum has not changed since its invention. Along with scientific and technical progress had been improved both equipment and the manufacturing process, but the composition remained almost the same as they were 200 years ago. It is known that the composition and properties of linoleum are regulated by European norms, which determines its quality and performance of linoleum indicate high competitiveness on the market floor coverings. Small residual strain suggests that the use of natural linoleum is feasible in areas with relatively high operating loads. Linoleum has very good insulating characteristics.

Laying parquet on the mastic

Reasons for parquet flooring should be smooth, that the check-meter rack. Allowable clearances less than 2 mm. Strength and moisture ties determined in the laboratory on sample cubes, cut from the tie. When the base unit in the form of wood subfloor must antiseptirovat joists and floor boards. Floor boards width of 100-120 mm are placed with gaps of up to 5 mm alternately pith side up and down. Humidity of these boards should not exceed 12%. As a sound-proof pads under the joists and solid reinforced concrete panels using fiber board, affixed to the hot asphalt mastic. Because of unstable asphalt screed plank flooring can then be bonded on top hardboard for the distribution of concentrated loads to avoid punching the floor. Parquet in asphalt mastic often plank of ties. Screed clean from dirt and solution metal scrapers, dust and debris swept. After that, check the flatness and horizontal ties. Durable concrete and cement-sand screeds, but have chipped or cracked, repaired with cement mortar. Ties of liquid asphalt line the asphalt mixtures. Sometimes in order to strengthen ties paste on the hot asphalt mastic continuous layer of hardboard thickness of 4 mm. Besfrizovuyu flooring can be conducted indoors at a temperature below 8 ° C and relative humidity above 60%. Figure parquet provides project. The most common pattern laying - in a tree "are recruited from the right and left strips. Laying begins with the work plan for each building or for each standard room. The length of the bars depends on the width of the room.

Parquet flooring on a wooden base

Base - a wooden subfloor. Prior to laying parquet check horizontal base, the lack of fluctuation and the slack between the individual boards, boards of moisture foundation, as well as temperature and humidity in the room. Small irregularities plank base eliminates redoubt, after sinking head nails and removing debris. Quality redoubt depends on the speed and smoothness of movement planing machine. Redoubt are two workers: parquet layer 4-6-th bit is driving, and parquet layer 2-3rd level moisturizes and sweep the floor, removes the shavings. Next, make a plan laying parquet. Snake should lay out so that the gaps between the boards of the base did not coincide with an end edge parquet. Otherwise, nails, slaughtered in the end, fall into the gap and securing the flooring will be weakened. After that, the wooden base veiled layer of cardstock, vellum or paper. Pull cord for lighthouse Christmas tree, which is placed in the middle of the room along its long axis. To secure the flooring planks base construction nails 40 mm long and a diameter of 1,6-1,8 mm. Two workers are laid flooring: parquet layer 2-3rd level picks up right and left strips and lay them under the hand of parquet 4-6-th bit in the direction of its motion. When laying the planks must first blow to the butt implant the opposite end, and then a blow to the lateral edge of the comb drive in a groove adjacent slats. A nail hammered into the groove by three strokes: the first (easy) baits him, the second (strong) are driving up the groove and the third (with doboynika) utaplivayut hat to failure in the groove.

Parquet flooring

When installing parquet floors in the small-sized panels for alignment poured a layer of sand on which are placed strips of insulating and finishing fiberboard. Pads are placed on wooden logs, and on them - hardwood boards (Fig. 25). With the smooth surface of the panel size for the room sand bed is not needed and soundproof pads are placed on the overlap. In this case, use more subtle lags. The most common are two constructions of reasons: 1) using polystyrene log, glued with hot bitumen, and 2) the use of sand backfill and diluted (in 800-1000 mm) wooden log, drowned in the sand. In the second case only lags associated hardwood flooring boards into one, and support for them is virtually incompressible sand. The distance between the beams 400 - 500 mm. First stack of Lighthouse lags every 2 m, and then the intermediate every 40 m. Flooring begin with a sandy backfill alignment in terms of rake and pinion in the direction away from the window to the door. Parquet boards lay perpendicular to the sleepers (the first - always on the cord to the wall crest at a distance of 10 mm from it) and nailed to each lag (Fig. 26). Follow parquet boards must be tight fitting to each other, to comb all included in the slots. To the floor was not unsteady, all Mechanical joints of boards arranged on the joists. Neshpuntovannye compound boards are not allowed. Hardwood planks and joists should not touch the walls, but the gap must not exceed 10 mm. Not allowed overhangs parquet over 100 mm in this case placed additional lags.

Flooring tile flooring and panels

Mosaic parquet is much easier to lay than that piece, but the requirements for strength and flatness of the base is on the increase. Inlaid parquet has Tipuntovogo compound and substrate unevenness will cause unacceptable levels of differences of adjacent slats. Therefore, the unevenness of ties should not exceed 1 mm in the two-meter interval. Shields can be placed upright (parallel side walls) or in expanded diagonal position. Adjacent plates are placed so that the direction of bars were perpendicular. In direct flooring laying plan is not necessary - it leads from the corner farthest from the entrance. Fig. 24 digits show the sequence of stacking panels (along the two cords forming a right angle). Mosaic parquet laid two workers. One worker prepares and submits material, tray, pours cold mastic and leveled it with a comb. Second business, higher education, puts the first guard in the corner and utaplivaet it in a layer of mastic. Subsequent plates tightly 'packed and pressed to the base. Paper with flaps removed after 3-5 days, as the adhesive hardens. Very beautiful mosaic parquet flooring, laid deployed squares with a light vein. Panelboard parquet laid on wooden sleepers antiseptirovannym on nails. Laghi thickness of 25 or 40 ALM laid in parallel rows along the long axis of the room every 400 mm, so that each full board relied on the joists on the edges and the middle part, and half board - at the edges. The first shield is placed in the corner farthest from the entrance, two cords, and fastened with nails to each lag (hammer nails obliquely to the bottom groove cheek).

Hammer drill or rotary hammer

What to choose: impact drill or drill on what characteristics you should pay attention to? With each passing day it became clearer, and the need for this grew like a snowball. It was necessary to drill a couple of dozen holes in walls, ceilings and floors, available punch and a hammer did not please daunting job. Who among us has not experienced a similar problem? And when we come into the store, we have to make "difficult" choice between the impact drill and hammer. What to choose: impact drill or drill on what characteristics you should pay attention to? With each passing day it became clearer, and the need for this grew like a snowball. It was necessary to drill a couple of dozen holes in walls, ceilings and floors, available punch and a hammer did not please daunting job. Who among us has not experienced a similar problem? And when we come into the store, we have to make "difficult" choice between the impact drill and hammer. Looking at the stands in the big stores selling the tool, we can see dozens of titles that are similar in properties "stenoprobivnyh machines." And what brands: "BOSCH", "DEWALT", "BLACK & DECKER", "MAKITA", and other equally worthy producers. But what if we need one, and preferably for all occasions. Let's talk first about the basic technical specifications: - Rated power - it is clear that the more power the better you will do any job - the rotational speed at idle (speed) - the diameter of the holes formed by different materials in the regime with a bang.

Unknown travertine stone.

Every builder knows that a more reliable and major material than natural stone does not exist. This building material differs from the other, genuine beauty and extravagance. The most famous world buildings are laid out precisely because of natural stone. Development of cottage construction significantly raised the demand for cladding materials, including natural ones. In this regard, today we'll talk about such a natural rock stone like travertine. In its origin - is carbonate sediment type, as it is intermediate between phytoliths and marble. Travertine is a very lightweight material, it can be mounted by any known method, a relatively mild and easily treatable. During processing, the pores become clogged and become a smooth surface resembling marble. Especially beautiful pale polished travertine: he seemed to breathe warmth and comfort. To apply the stone in the construction started long ago. Nevertheless, his promotion was limited to those areas that have been its prey. The most significant of them were in Italy and Iran. Prey are also involved in Armenia and on the Kamchatka Peninsula. For the post-Soviet space travertine - a relatively new material. Confuse this gem with the rest, pretty easy. Travertine has a truly unusual color and texture is ambiguous. Are formed, he, like stalactites, as a result of saturation of phytoliths, but in other circumstances. Consequently, the travertine is inherent in the porous texture, though the pores gradually cluttered fitolitnymi sediments, and thus, the rock becomes more dense, and reliable.

Universal silicone sealants.

As you know, to get rid of noise, dust, drafts, simply put a plastic window. So as not to overshadow the potential comfort, window frames should be well sealed. You will say, and what better to do? Answer. Better way than the sealant, you will not find our time. That's about it today and we'll talk. Efficient, reliable, durable - all these qualities are inherent in silicone sealant. Compared to other sealants, these versatile materials - very flexible in its structure, can withstand sudden temperature changes. And all this because of what their basis is silicone (silicone material). In addition, such sealant is not afraid to direct sunlight. In its structure, one-component silicone sealants - are always ready for use, not only very practical (they do not need to mixing with hardener), do not spread after application. Viewed sealant retains its working qualities over 20 years. Depending on the type used in the manufacture of solvent, silicone sealants can be divided into the following types: a) acid b) neutral c) alkaline. I have to say - Alkaline sealants are used only in certain cases, so they are on the shelves of our stores you will not find. However, these same stores, you can easily buy acid variant. It costs a lot less neutral silicone, but is able to hold well on wood, glass and ceramics. To distinguish this from other sealant, is only to look at the packaging. Marking acid variants should contain the letter "A" (acid - from the English word «acid»). It is worth paying attention, because the chemical in question can react with metals that are prone to oxidation.

Decorative tiles

In addition to gypsum plasterboard walls can oblitsevat asbestos cement slabs. Acquainted with them closer. Asbestos cement slabs - this cover sheet the size of 1200x600 mm and 6 mm thick. A distinctive feature of the finishing material is mirror smooth surface. Sometimes the surface of corrugated board and make it kind of mimics the tile size 150x150 mm. Another remarkable feature of asbestos-cement tiles is that they have a high moisture resistance. And that means they are ideal for finishing bathrooms, toilets, kitchens and successfully replace the ceramic tile. Surface preparation for finishing the asbestos cement slabs is the same as for other repairs. Necessary to seal the plaster solution large cracks and holes. Technology partial repair of the surfaces described above. After you clean and repair the surface, they are using a special adhesive (mastic) are fixed lists. How do you do it? Very simple. At the plate, and the ground surface using a conventional spatula or scraper "A layer of glue (mastic) 1-2 mm thick. To achieve a dense adjacency lists to the surface, you can use long strips, which are fastened to the wall with small nails in the joints of sheets and tightly pressed against the panel. After the glue (mastic) slats removed. It is desirable to strengthen the plates back to back each other. But it still does not avoid the gaps between the sheets. Close they can be decorative strips that need to consolidate immediately after the label sheet to the surface. Rails are attached with nails or screws.

Mirrored ceilings

For two weeks I stayed at home. Ill. And okay,'d throw all the cases because of serious illness - the flu or pneumonia there. And it is ridiculous to say - knocked grueling non-stop runny nose. I was ashamed to sit at work, dripping in buckets, people shied away. Took with grief Bulletin, crawled under three blankets and waited for healing. Two weeks later I sat at home. Ill. And okay,'d throw all the cases because of serious illness - the flu or pneumonia there. And it is ridiculous to say - knocked grueling non-stop runny nose. I was ashamed to sit at work, dripping in buckets, people shied away. Took with grief Bulletin, crawled under three blankets and waited for healing. And its still no. Tosca. Still, unfortunately, the TV broke. I had to spend days looking out the window so the ceiling does not care. Outside, nothing exciting, as always, did not occur. The ceiling is also no way pleased. And so he hath made me, I was determined to transform his appearance. Let nothing reminds me of the disease! The more so because of the wanton lying on a couch and a lack of positive emotions I have developed another disease with a fashionable name "depression". Professional psychologists in such cases are advised to change their lives or at least the situation. I have long puzzled: "What would this create with my ceiling?" A friend gave an idea: make, said mirrored ceiling - and the fun and the room will look bigger. I say: "Where did I take such a mirror?" And he said: "Well, you're dark!

Technology of parquet works

Paul in modern buildings, usually multi-layered . Each layer performs a specific function. The upper layer of the floor - coating is exposed to all operational actions (walking, running, jumping, moving things, cleaning, etc.). coatings are continuous and piece of material. Parquet all types - single-part coating. Intermediate layer connecting the coating with the lower elements and serves to cover the elastic foundation, called the stratum. With parquet flooring adhesive layer serves as a sealant, or paper (cardboard, asphalt). To form a continuous rigid surface of a porous non-rigid materials suit screed. screed is done and the concrete elements overlapping - for alignment. Currently, the most common cement-sand screed, screeds of cast asphaltic concrete, lightweight concrete and ksilolitovaya. The main material used parquet, wood-is a valuable building material. Its features are high strength at low volume weight, low thermal conductivity and, consequently, high thermal insulating properties, ease of processing, bonding and finishing, decorative and durable under normal operating conditions. Of particular importance is to change the properties of wood moisture content depending on the environment. Excess moisture content of wood is dangerous because, it dries, the material decreases in the volume is deformed and cracks. Humidity of parquet - the main indicator of his fitness. When humidity over 10% of it must be dried. Humidity in the room where the parquet must be 60%, with high humidity parquet always moisturized and increases in volume, that leads to marriage.

The final touches to the laying of the floor

You sighed with relief, completing the laying of the floor? Believe that the turn over his skirting the cellar? Despite the fact that this work is not very ambitious and time-consuming, yet very important. Skirting must be in contrast with the floor and walls, in accordance with their registration. It becomes clear why it is important to pay attention to its material, shape, color. The most popular and also the oldest type of skirting is made of solid wood. Often used the names of the breed of tree that when laying the floor. For edges inlaid oak flooring is best applied oak. Looks great and krasnoderevnaya plinth edge. Southeast Asia - the birthplace of such wood. They are special because After varnishing is noticeable change color of all finishing items. It is advisable to compare with the basic shade of the same sex samples varnished planks with their purchase. The easiest way to guess the next color in the absence of such samples, having a damp cloth on a tree. The color you see is quite similar to the color of the final result. Triangle shape is very popular for the plinth. Do not count on that 2-3 meters plinth you can always buy more, because profile can be completely different. Today's most popular shape with a height of 40-60 mm, the lower part of the same may be from 40 to 60 mm. The face of the curly part of the dust removed much easier than with a ribbed surface, because it has a smooth relief. Evroplintus - a profile in the form of strips. Apply it along with figure.

Textile wallpaper

Textile or fabric wallpaper is one of the most beautiful, expensive and environmentally-friendly wallpaper presented at today's market. They represent a leaf of paper, which is laminated filaments consisting of mixed or natural fibers. Most often, for the manufacture of this type of wallpaper used silk, felt, acrylic, linen or cotton thread. Textile wall require perfectly flat and smooth walls, so that any irregularities will be allocated to a dark color that is associated with high reflectivity yarn fabric. When choosing wallpaper, remember that the color of your room will be richer as compared with the sample, which you will be offered in the store. Tint wallpaper can also change due to furniture, carpets, curtains surrounding walls. Do not forget also that the wall is reflected in each other, making them the color is more "dense". Fabric wallpaper create a feeling of comfort and luxury. If in the wallpaper is silk (natural) thread, you will need to bear in mind that produced it silkworms in thickness and the color is uneven. Desktop using such threads have fragments that are visually different from the rest of the surface of the canvas. Such sites are very striking. On the one hand it's good, because once it is clear that before you high-quality natural silk. But on the other hand, violated the aesthetic appearance of the coating. Naturally, the textile wall perfectly absorb noise, so they are often used in home theater, billiard, concert halls and other facilities.

Repairs, as many in that sound ...

There is no better topic for general conversation, than repair. When there are men, they are arguing about cars, football and politics. Women talk about their children. But if the table together for two or three couples, the conversation itself comes to repairs. This topic everyone is interested. On this everyone knows. Someone a long time can not be resolved, someone has just finished and is giving its architect, touts his brigade, tells where and how you can cheaply order oak doors. For survivors of repair there is no greater pleasure than to give advice. There is no better topic for general conversation, than repair. When there are men, they are arguing about cars, football and politics. Women talk about their children. But if the table together for two or three couples, the conversation itself comes to repairs. This topic everyone is interested. On this everyone knows. Someone a long time can not be resolved, someone has just finished and is giving its architect, touts his brigade, tells where and how you can cheaply order oak doors. For survivors of repair there is no greater pleasure than to give advice. And already the wife begins to paint a picture of a new life in an updated apartment, whining children: who will have more room and the main investor - the husband - I think, where would take a couple extra thousand. Renewal of the table causing the stories about friends who have two years experience can not finish the repairs. " These bedolagi live among dusty bags of cement, workers scurry around the house, something podstukivayut somewhere screw up. "When, finally, it's over!" - Not easy without masochism due to the owner changes so flat that, after this nightmare for another three years to talk about all the repairs flour.

Ceiling wallpaper

As a general rule, repair of the ceiling begins with the foreman plasterer Petrovic: "Mistress, do not be afraid, everything will be okay! We, of course, none of their "o'keyu" do not believe. And preparing for the worst. And rightly so, because then the dirt and debris, a week draim, clean and wash the windows, doors and walls ... As a general rule, repair of the ceiling begins with the foreman plasterer Petrovic: "Mistress, do not be afraid, everything will be okay! We, of course, none of their "o'keyu" do not believe. And preparing for the worst. And rightly so, because then the dirt and debris, a week draim, clean and wash the windows, doors and walls ... And what a shame, as a result of the ceiling in my apartment always looks still ugly. That whitewash for no apparent reason pours directly into the plate. The crack on the surface appears svezhepokrashennoy. And indeed to call this a perfectly flat surface language does not turn - the plates in our homes, God forbid a walk. Visible to the naked eye. And no whitewash to conceal can not. What we just did not try to "bring to life" their ill-fated ceiling! Of oil paint, I immediately and flatly refused: people in the know said that she quickly turns yellow. Vodoemulsionka and water-dispersion paints are like a good idea. But my soul to them all the same does not lie. I do not like painted ceilings, and all here! Plus the cons, sorry for the pun, which has already said. We had to look for fundamentally new solution.

Cork flooring

Even a decade ago, the Russian market of building materials did not differ a great assortment of floor coverings: the premises are often lay a linoleum or parquet floor, etc. To date, the ever-rising consumer demands for comfort and quality of housing, choice of materials has become wider in many times. One of the materials are in great demand among customers is the tube, which has lately become the main and favorite material builders, designers and architects. Tube, as a building material - is the top layer of cork oak, which we carefully removed every 9 years from the trunks of trees. After each removal of the quality of cork only getting better, and thus the highest quality cork material is produced from 150 year old oak trees. Tube has been known since ancient times. In their homeland - the Mediterranean - cork has been used for several centuries. And at the moment, with the invention of efficient processing technologies, the interest in cork coatings is growing rapidly. Thus, the tube is gradually conquering the world. And it's a nice fact, because it is the use of cork can bring to the design space for something really original. Stylish and soft texture of cork covering blends with any decor elements, and the unique properties of the tube is many times greater than traditional materials - parquet, linoleum and wallpaper. Cork has a dense cellular structure resembling a honeycomb filled with air. And therein lies its appeal. In addition, the tube has good insulating properties - it protects against heat, cold and dampness.

What is renovation?

The word came into our lives a decade ago, and so firmly that the European style came to be called any more or less decent repair. Before - whitewashed ceiling, pasted wallpaper - that's all innovations. And now hard to find after repair two similar apartments. Therefore, probably, and perceptions of eurorepair very different, for example, you can hear are: "is when the designer invited" or "when the walls there is no color wallpaper, no carpets," "when applied only to imported materials." But what he actually is - complete renovation? From the usual, most high quality repair, renovation distinguished participation from the very beginning of the professional interior designer. This word came into our lives a decade ago, and so firmly that European style came to be called any more or less decent repair. Before - whitewashed ceiling, pasted wallpaper - that's all innovations. And now hard to find after repair two similar apartments. Therefore, probably, and perceptions of eurorepair very different, for example, you can hear are: "is when the designer invited" or "when the walls there is no color wallpaper, no carpets," "when applied only to imported materials." But what he actually is - complete renovation? From the usual, most high quality repair, renovation distinguished participation from the very beginning of the professional interior designer. It begins with a design project in which there is not only part of the Sketch.

How to choose wallpaper for his apartment.

Repairs in your apartment is nearing completion. Painted ceilings, installed doors, plumbing, lay floors. It remains one small thing - to paste wallpaper. You just can not wait, hurry up to get to the store where they sell clothes for the walls of your beloved home. So, you're in the store and nothing prevents you to choose wallpaper. Well if you a designer, or other knowing the needs of your home and certainly knows the taste of your persons. With that, we can consult and listen to the advice that. If you have decided on their own to choose, then be prepared for the fact that when this thrilling action, you are inevitably surprises await. Especially if you have to visit not one but several such stores. So let's order. If you know exactly what wallpaper you need, and are not going to change anything and experiment. That can not continue to read. Feel free to buy what you need and do not bother. With the same who have not yet determined, we move on. You came to the first shop where a very good choice of wallpaper. Look, do not naraduetes. And these are like nothing else. And these would fit, but the ones here, too cute, oh, and these are funny, no let's go back to the first. And what we generally look first? Here are these? It seems so, but actually not ... These! Here! All undecided. Girl, let us behold this. Ahh, just three rolls left. Sorry. Oh, and let's take a look at the next shop, which is what we need in the first-encountered variant stop? Let's go to the next, if anything here, we can always come back.

Ways to repair the ceiling

Finally, I chose to visit his girlfriend. She recently bought an apartment, and all our friends and acquaintances have already povoshischatsya her one-room mansions ... first meet me out of the apartment flew home in sneakers with something white and very dirty. "I hate to repair!" - In the hearts cried girlfriend Alexandra, somehow transformed from the brunette in a platinum blonde. "Finally, I chose to visit his girlfriend. She recently bought an apartment, and all our friends and acquaintances have already povoshischatsya her one-room mansions ... first meet me out of the apartment flew home in sneakers with something white and very dirty. "I hate to repair!" - In the hearts cried girlfriend Alexandra, somehow transformed from the brunette in a platinum blonde. "What, she decided to whitewash the ceiling?" - I asked, holding his finger on a flying shoe. "Yeah, agreed. What to do? All the money spent on this damn doghouse, but it is not whitewashed ceilings, probably since the first five! "Indeed, the ceiling was a sad spectacle and amazing. Firstly, the impression that it went - he was so wrinkled, pitted and cut up. Secondly, with him always something fell - the apartment was in one house to the subway - apparently shaking ... To convince her friend that in such a case need specialists, had a long time. All her savings, as I said, went to buy an apartment, and to seek additional funds to repair ceilings, she did not like. But when we fell down on a piece of something, she decided.

How to make a multi-level ceiling

Remember how it was. Filling, lime, latex paint, whitewash. The result is always the same: rovnenky (more or less), little white ceiling - the most familiar, quiet option. New times have brought new technologies finishing the ceiling, and with them its new solution - multi-level. The first experiments were deplorable. Just remember how it was. Filling, lime, latex paint, whitewash. The result is always the same: rovnenky (more or less), little white ceiling - the most familiar, quiet option. New times have brought new technologies finishing the ceiling, and with them its new solution - multi-level. The first experiments were deplorable. Often, the entire design space was reduced to complicated compass or broken layered ceilings. Such effects are a substitute for the development of the author's concept of interior decoration. For example, on the ceiling of one apartment could simultaneously coexist configuration, resembling a pyramid of Cheops, the Great Wall of China, the Golden Bridge in San Francisco and other miracles. Disappointed, eccentric ideas of the authors of such ceilings gone so far that you can not come back ... Today hobby multilevel ceilings, cover several years ago, all architects and designers involved in finishing flat, thankfully, behind us. By itself, this technique can not be regarded as a sign of bad taste. On the contrary, it helps to solve many aesthetic and technical problems. Design has been compromised only by excessive enthusiasm with them. To date, the opposite trend prevails: the most stylish interiors are solved without the use of the levels above.

As ceiling wallpaper glue

Glue on the ceiling wallpaper is applied in exactly the same as the wallpaper, glued to the wall. Cut into desired length and leaf folded pile on the table wrong side up. Adhesive and laying in a "washboard" Glue on ceiling wallpaper is applied in exactly the same as the wallpaper, glued to the wall. Cut into desired length and leaf folded pile on the table wrong side up. Adhesive and laying in the "accordion" the paste thickly applied with a wide brush, first in the middle of the cloth, then gently spread over the entire surface. Layer of glue on the ceiling wallpaper should be uniform. Additional application of its always quite problematic. Missed paste carefully folded cloth. Starting from the end face, make folds depth of about 30 cm so that a single layer of glue in contact with others. The resulting "accordion" ends with a strip width of 30 cm also with her and you begin to glue fabric to the ceiling, slowly expanding "harmonica." A folded cloth in this way leave for a few minutes to paste soak into the paper and it becomes more pliable (during which time you can apply the paste for another three or four canvases). However, be careful that the paper does not become too soft, otherwise it will easily break. 1. Divorced paste thickly applied to the middle of the canvas. 2. From the middle leaf paste is distributed to one of the edges. 3. Paste in the same manner applied to the other side of the canvas. 4. Pleat depth of 30 cm so that an adhesive layer in contact with others. 5.

Wallpapers - as art

Wallpapers - is what creates the atmosphere of the room, because the choice of wallpaper should come great responsibility. Originally worth to determine color scheme and design. It should consider the following points:-In small rooms nice wallpaper in warm tones. -For larger rooms, you can select wallpaper with a large figure, taking into account the fact that the bright, high contrast image attracts attention and becomes a focus of design solutions. While the soft, fuzzy pattern can only set off the overall style. -In well-lit rooms are spectacular wallpaper bright cold and dark saturated colors. -Wallpaper should not be sharply contrasting to the furniture, but at the same time, the tonal / color distinction is necessary. -Vertical stripes look very impressive, visually increasing the height of the ceiling, but compressing the space. Moreover, the thinner the strip, the less space. However, if the bands are vague and not much contrast, the weaker the effect. -Desktop with grainy picture, you can use virtually any design in any room. In the presence of wall roughness, defects, knolls better if the texture of wallpaper will be thick and uneven. -If in the future is supposed to decorate the wall paintings, photographs - plain wallpaper (structural or not) a great choice! -Allergic individuals should not forget that the more salient wallpaper, the more dust settles on them. Therefore, these wallpapers should be cleaned often enough. A well-chosen background - a pledge of harmony in your home.

Stretch ceiling or how to get out unscathed

Repair the ceiling, as well as any repairs, we have always been associated with a long and tedious process. This is familiar to every Russian ever picks the traditional whitewash. Meanwhile, this problem has been solved in Europe decades ago, when they were assimilated now widely used by suspended ceilings. Repair of the ceiling, as well as any repairs, we have always been associated with a long and tedious process. This is familiar to every Russian ever picks the traditional whitewash. Meanwhile, this problem has been solved in Europe decades ago, when they were assimilated now widely used by suspended ceilings. For the first time suspended ceilings appeared in France in the mid 70's. Since then, this country is a leader in their production. In Russia, they appeared relatively recently and immediately gained popularity. The main advantage - ease of installation, reliability, minimal maintenance and that is important for our quality of construction - a ceiling hides all flaws. Such ceilings give the possibility to adjust the height of the room. Also under their protection are easy to install lighting and air conditioning. Durability and ease of mounting - not only the advantage of stretch ceiling. It absorbs noise does not accumulate static electricity, is safe from an environmental point of view, is not subject to burning, has been certified to State standard, hygienic certificates, fire safety certificates. It will protect you and your household dust that collects on a normal ceiling and pours from it.

Repair of ceiling: the choice of materials

So you've decided it's time to update the ceiling. Great idea! However, keep in mind: the choice of materials for its implementation will depend not only on your artistic taste, but also on the engineering condition of your home and, of course, the contents of your wallet ... So you've decided it's time to update the ceiling. Great idea! However, keep in mind: the choice of materials for its implementation will depend not only on your artistic taste, but also on the engineering condition of your home and, of course, the contents of your wallet ... To begin, decide what you would like to see above their heads. The ceilings are suspended and the main, or plaster. Suspended divided into rack, panel, tension, self-adhesive, and ceilings made of plasterboard, requiring additional finishing. Plaster ceilings are either by painting or by pasting. Age does not paint to start talking about the house, an apartment in which awaits repairs. Large role played by its structure. If the house is brick and it is not more than 15 years, the time of deformation is practically not subjected to, so you can buy the most common finishing materials - trouble with cracks are unlikely. If the brick house of 15 to 30 years, you have to spend money on some technical additions - Priming perpetuate the mixture, as well as mounting a self-adhesive mesh for durability and protection against fractures. Sometimes, however, these additives can not be used - it all depends on the condition of the house and your desires.

My apartment: how to repair the ceiling

So you've decided it's time to update the ceiling. Great idea! However, keep in mind: the choice of materials for its implementation will depend not only on your artistic taste, but also on the engineering condition of your home and, of course, the contents of your wallet ... To begin, decide what you would like to see above their heads. The ceilings are suspended and the main, or plaster. Suspended divided into rack, panel, tension, self-adhesive, and ceilings made of plasterboard, requiring additional finishing. Plaster ceilings are either for painting or under So you've decided it's time to update the ceiling. Great idea! However, keep in mind: the choice of materials for its implementation will depend not only on your artistic taste, but also on the engineering condition of your home and, of course, the contents of your wallet ... To begin, decide what you would like to see above their heads. The ceilings are suspended and the main, or plaster. Suspended divided into rack, panel, tension, self-adhesive, and ceilings made of plasterboard, requiring additional finishing. Plaster ceilings are either by painting or by pasting. Age does not paint to start talking about the house, an apartment in which awaits repairs. Large role played by its structure. If the house is brick and it is not more than 15 years, the time of deformation is practically not subjected to, so you can buy the most common finishing materials - trouble with cracks are unlikely. If the brick house of 15 to 30 years, you have to spend money on some technical additions - Priming perpetuate the mixture, as well as mounting a self-adhesive mesh for durability and protection against fractures.

How do I calculate the number of ceiling tiles

When calculating the number of ceiling tiles required to repair the ceiling in the room should be guided by a few simple rules. When calculating the number of ceiling tiles required to repair the ceiling in the room should be guided by a few simple rules. Counting and counting the tiles are best at first to produce on paper. Traditionally laid slabs from the middle of the ceiling to the edge, and the "Wall" series should be the same width. Determine the position of the tiles on the paper to the nearest centimeter, and only then transferred the drawing to the ceiling. Calculating the number of ceiling tiles are best demonstrated by example: The room size of 4.7 lm at 3.8 lm Total area is 17.86 m2 On the drawing determine the number of whole tiles - they 9h7 = 63 pcs. If the edges there is a gap not exceeding 25 cm (ie, less than half the size of tiles) that the two opposing sides will go one tile, cut into two pieces of appropriate size. If the edges there is a gap of more than 25 cm (ie, more than half the size of the tiles), then each side must take into account the full tiles and then the total number of tiles may slightly increase. Total drawings shall be considered 10x8 = 80 total tiles (20 m2) Note: This calculation is made given the fact that the overall pattern on the ceiling is nowhere violated. If you allow the violation of an image (eg for furniture, where it is not clear), we can further reduce the number of tiles. To determine the number of ceiling moldings enough to calculate the perimeter of the room and round the figure up to a multiple of the length of a plinth.

Paint adhesives.

Adhesives are used only for coating the internal surfaces are not exposed to moisture, mostly on the plaster. Glue paint compositions are a mixture of sifted chalk and pigment inks. Prepare them as follows: 2-3 hour soak in a separate bowl sifted chalk and pigments. Water is poured so as to obtain a creamy mass. In a third bowl diluted glue for 60 grams of dry glue on a bucket of water. Then soaked in the Cretaceous, stirring it, add the dye. After each addition of caramel makes the sample to determine the color, what color is applied to a piece of plywood and allow it to dry. If the color of caramel to reinforce, then add more pigment paste, if weakened - chalk paste. Still need to check the density of caramel, which takes a purely vystrugannuyu rail and dropped into it. If color stain without rail passes and runs off with her smooth jet, the density of the color scheme is considered sufficient. If it is poorly covered the rail and on it there are gaps, then you need to add color chalk and dye, and if thick, - the water. Matched color caramel fix glue, it gives the paint durability and ability to go on smoother surfaces. Clay added to the color gradually. After adding the first portion of the adhesive solution greatly thickens, add water, but it is impossible to wait a little longer. After stirring the paint razzhizhivaetsya. Lack of glue causes smudging paint surplus - cracking and peeling of the ink film. Amount of glue to verify the test color: a piece of glass plaster solution and dried over a fire.

Glue ceilings

One of the most essential details that determine the look of any room - the ceiling. High-quality finishing of the ceiling gives the room an extra comfort and elegance. Of the many types of ceiling covering the most simple and relatively inexpensive can be called a glue ceiling. It consists of tiles of a square or rectangular shape of extruded polystyrene, or, as it is called, Styrofoam, and other words, the foam. One of the most essential details that determine the look of any room - the ceiling. High-quality finishing of the ceiling gives the room an extra comfort and elegance. Of the many types of ceiling covering the most simple and relatively inexpensive can be called a glue ceiling. It consists of tiles of a square or rectangular shape of extruded polystyrene, or, as it is called, Styrofoam, and other words, the foam. They are simple and laminated film, the white and colored. Part of the front surface is covered with foil, painted wood, matting, mother of pearl, fabric or stone. Also, the surface of square tiles can be embossed texture that mimics the stucco or wood carving. The standard size of these tiles: 50x50 cm, 100h16, 5 cm adhesive ceiling equipped with ceiling moldings, shapes, decorative rosettes in the color of the tiles and beams made of polyurethane, and can drastically change even the most modest room. Application. Glue ceilings are recommended for ceilings in residential buildings: offices, bedrooms, etc. You can also use the kitchen, but only tile, laminated with a protective film.

Miscellaneous for repair

To determine the list of repairs should start with assessing the technical condition of the premises. As a result, it appears the state: bearing structures (columns, beams, walls, etc.), ventilation, drainage, heating and plumbing systems, wiring, joinery (windows and doors, built-in furniture), covers the walls, floor and ceiling. Depending on the degree of deterioration of structures and materials choose the type of upcoming repairs. It may be capital, when performed partial replacement of load-bearing structures, communications, then a full list of finishing, or cosmetic that is limited finishing work. Based on the research and measurement space is a project works or design project. Design project is useful not only for the coordination, proper alignment of forces and determine the necessary work on time, but for a more accurate calculation of the amount that would be needed for repairs. Counting the "offhand" gives an error of 20-30%, but on the basis of the project - only 5%. In this article we will address the range of building materials and systems for walls, ceiling and floor. Wall to wall decoration in the office premises used for painting wallpaper, decorative plaster, artificial and natural stone veneer different panels. In humid areas use ceramic tile, glass ceramic, plastic lining, laminated panels. Acoustic panels - thickness 40 mm, made of fiberglass. Have a high degree of thermal insulation and rigidity, resistance to water. Liquid wallpaper - paper pulp to be applied in liquid form on the walls.

Application of plaster layers.

Grout better layers, ie, the surface sequentially, with some interruptions, causing layers of plaster - spray, primer and finish coat. At one time to put a thick layer should not be, as it can slide in the process, and after drying cracked. Solution can throw or spread, using different tools. Anointing is available to all, but rather smeared thick solution. Throwing a lot harder because it requires certain skill. You can throw any solutions. The first layer (spray) is applied throwing, it can not spread, since it from a liquid solution. If a masonry or concrete surfaces are made accurately, then they can apply thin layers of solution thereby obtaining a thin render: on the brick surfaces of 5 mm and above and on the concrete up to 5 mm. If the plaster on the brick will be thinner than 5 mm, then through it may raying welds of masonry in the form of cells that can not paint no lime, no glue painting. Plaster on wood surfaces must be at least 20 mm, measured from the packed output drann. Thinner layers are not recommended: they will shine through drann, and when it will be a slight warping of plaster to crack. First, on the surface causing a continuous layer of scratch coat - throw liquid creamy, which is well flow into the rough and uneven, firmly adheres to them and clings to the surface, holding then his subsequent layers of the solution. Thickness of the scratch coat 4-5 mm for stone and concrete walls and up to 10 mm - for timber. The solution was to throw a hawk with a trowel for plastering.

Stained water-dispersion paints.

Have found wide application paint water-dispersion paints for both interior and exterior finish for buildings. They can be painted wood, concrete, plaster, stone, glass, plastic and other structures. Metal structures covered with red lead before painting for corrosion protection, and can be primed with corrosion lacquer paint. Water-dispersion paints have a number of advantages compared to oil paints. Firstly, they are cheaper, and secondly, unlike oil, dry at room temperature for only 1-2 hours, and thirdly, the remains have not yet dried paint is much easier to remove from the working tool than oil. The last remnants can be removed only with an organic solvent and water-dispersion - water. Another important factor is the fact that when such paint dry, allocated only water vapor. No, hence the specific odors, toxicity. These paints have good adhesion to different surfaces, which makes it easy to repaint their designs without much preparation. Water-dispersion paints have and this advantage: they can be painted and wet surfaces, whereas the oil - just dry. In addition, water-dispersion paints do not burn, and coverage of them overlook the water vapor, "breathe". The most widely used are polyvinyl acetate aqueous dispersion paints. Range of water-dispersion paints for interior applications is currently limited to two brands: HP-BA-27A and WA-BA-224. Provides for release of paints 10 colors, but the market is mainly supplied the paint WA-BA-27A white. Paint consumption in a two-layer coating, 150-200 g/m2.

Defects wallpapering

Full or partial peeling wallpaper near the frieze, curb or on top of the walls. Wallcovering performed on a surface previously painted glue or lime paint, quick drying wallpaper for drafts or excessive heat, the use of liquid glue in tight wallpaper. When correcting a bend come off of the wallpaper, retouch Anew glue on the surface, fluff wallpaper adhesive to withstand the swelling and then pokleit. When pasting should avoid drafts and to use the adhesive in accordance with the density of wallpaper. Peeling wallpaper in casings and baseboards. Desktop and places have been badly missed attaching adhesive. When correcting wallpaper untuck carefully promazyvayut adhesive surface of moldings and casings, promazyvayut wallpaper, give them swell and then glued, well smoothed. Bubbles and wrinkles are formed due to slow drying due to low temperature, use a strong glue for thin wallpaper, negligent smoothing, wallpaper not sustained after smearing glue and not swollen. Desktop perekleit taking measures to improve the room temperature and removing the causes of inadequate ventilation. If you used a strong glue, replace it in accordance with the density of wallpaper. It's important to smooth wallpaper, soaking them lubricated for swelling the required time. Wallpaper in the corners of the walls are broken. Paper wallpaper when pasting glue expands, and when drying is greatly reduced. The angle was blocked solid fabric. Desktop perekleit so that the angle was covered edge wallpaper width 3-4 cm Thick seams.

Liquid wallpaper - all of them

Since ancient times man has sought to decorate their gray lives, something unusual, not like that ever existed in those days. What are some tricks only they did not use that to their dwelling became a cozy, unusual, striking - hung on the walls of the vanquished animal skins, coarse cloth, and yet thanks to the evolution and development of the ornaments of humanity has come to the invention of the wallpaper. In today's world, the number and choice of wallpaper overshadows his eyes, there are like natural wallpapers - liquid, textile, paper and many others, and synthetic - which has its principal place of vinyl. In recent years, and is gaining popularity wallpaper mixed type, which include liquid wallpaper, they are very interesting in its structure and properties. Today is our choice to stop the liquid wallpaper. You can immediately identify several advantages: The special structure of liquid wallpaper, provides heat and sound insulation properties. You will not hear how his mom starts to rattle dishes in the morning. Used in the manufacture of natural fibers, the components of its structure is not naelektrizovyvayutsya, simple words, do not attract the lightest particles - dust. Liquid wallpaper undergo annual inspections of fire safety. In its structure, an excellent job with concealing small cracks, defects, walls, filling in gaps from previous repairs of door frames, baseboards, frames, rosettes. No need to align, to reduce the seams because of their absence, all applied uniformly.

Sewerage system for a country house.

Away from the city buildings are usually mounted independent sewer systems and stand-alone treatment facilities. For domestic and industrial premises located outside the city, there are two main types of treatment facilities: anaerobic (septic tanks) and the aerobic system. Anaerobic treatment systems are septic tanks equipped with biofilters. The design of the septic tank is part of one to six treatment tanks. Septic tank sewage system is designed for primary disinfection and filtration of waste. The second stage of wastewater treatment is biofiltration. Biological wastewater treatment occurs by micro-organisms living in oxygen-free environment. The biological filter consists of a removable container with a special powder mixture in which the wastewater treatment by anaerobic bacteria. Anaerobic sewage system gives the 75 percent level of filtering waste. The cost of septic tank sewage in about two times cheaper than other sewage systems for private homes. The big advantage of anaerobic treatment systems is easy to install septic tank and the autonomy of the use of facilities. By choosing a modern septic system, you can install sewers in the country with their own hands. Powder filling is updated once every few years. To operate an autonomous sewer at the cabin does not require a constant supply of electrical energy. Septic tanks are ideal for holiday home sewage systems. Septic cottage, usually set at a low level of groundwater. Aerobic autonomous sewage purifies waste water using microorganisms multiply in an oxygen environment.

Application Technique plaster.

Apply the plaster can be different ways - spread and throw. Smearing a fairly easy technique, but applies only to the thick solution. Much harder throwing, but they can cause any solutions. On concrete surfaces, the thickness of the plaster should be up to 5 mm, on brick -5 mm or more, on wooden - not less than 25 mm. In residential buildings, mortar plaster is applied in three layers. Apply the plaster can be different ways - spread and throw. Smearing a fairly easy technique, but applies only to the thick solution. Much harder throwing, but they can cause any solutions. On concrete surfaces, the thickness of the plaster should be up to 5 mm, on brick -5 mm or more, on wooden - not less than 25 mm. In residential buildings, mortar plaster is applied in three layers. The first layer - a spray, it is necessary to fill the surface roughness. The first layer is applied to a thickness of 3 to 9 mm, covering the entire surface. Consistency of the solution should be creamy. Before you apply this layer, the surface is moistened with water. For brick and concrete wall thickness of this layer to 5 mm, for wood - up to 9 mm. The second and main layer - ground. To make the soil more dense solution. This layer smooths irregularities on the surface. If necessary, primer is applied in several layers. The third layer of plaster - nakryvka has creamy consistency. This layer is applied to a thickness of 2-4 mm. The surface is leveled, formed a smooth layer, in the future it's easy to jam. Leveling mortar.

Upholstery work

One of the economical and efficient finishing materials for residential, social, cultural, residential and other premises are wallpaper, which in many cases replace the paint finishes. The use of wallpaper reduces the cost of manual labor. Existing and newly developed materials, especially synthetic, have some advantages: water and oil resistance, durability and beautiful appearance. Repair walls and wallpaper work perceived as synonyms for the majority of our compatriots, and therefore need very careful attention to the choice of wallpaper. Wallpaper - a roll paper with a colored or monochrome picturesque coating designed for pasting the interior walls and ceilings. Paper wallcoverings are negruntovannye and primed. Figure negruntovannyh wallpaper applied directly on the white or colored paper. These include wallpaper printed, coated much of the paper with paint, with embossed stamp and embossed. I primed wallpaper pattern is incorporated into the pre-Primary coated paper. Such wallpaper released the following types: background and ceilings, primed with simultaneous printing, printed on monochrome or multicolored background, with raised printing, printed moisture without coating and film-coated, embossed with or without printing, embossed moisture, pile, and many others. For quality wallpapers are divided into simple, advanced and special. As wallpaper for use as roll-finishing and decorative films, made from synthetic materials (PVC, etc.) on a fabric or paper-based. To-roll finishing wall materials also include linkrust, washable, devinol and several others.

The main types of walls and partitions in the apartment

Before repair occurs quite often the question: Do not remove that wall and that wall does not move, etc. Such work naturally require official permission. Firstly, it is necessary first to determine its do you want from the walls. Or you just need to partition that would separate one room from another, or you want to enlarge the room by removing a wall. Perhaps you wish to insert a sliding door or to make an arched doorway. Or maybe you want to create heat and sound ... it should consider the major options in detail: 1. Creating a warm wall insulation of walls is particularly important in those apartments, where the two walls are a facade. Insulated in such a case the outer wall, using as insulation glass wool or polystyrene foam, and then closing it with a sheet of drywall. Polystyrene foam insulation is the most best. This is due to the fact that he has a very low thermal conductivity that keeps the room warm. 2. Creating a quiet walls to create some peace and quiet needed soundproofing walls. Especially, if you want to install in one room home theater, but in the next room your bedroom or nursery. To create walls with sound insulation used a combination of materials which have different densities (eg, mineral wool + gypsum sheets). When creating a wall of heat and sound insulation room rooms to decrease as the thickness of the walls will be more. We can distinguish the following types of partitions: 1. Plasterboard partitions and gipsovolokno. These walls are very comfortable and practical.

There was a desire to make repairs in the bathroom?

Your yellowed bathtub, toilet began to leak, taps his second of the pipes flowing rusty water and the walls with whistling flies tile? Maybe it's time to make a big renovation in the bathroom? In the case where you still decided to make the repairs, rather than leaving it as is, to begin to determine what you can change in the bathroom, and how thorough. The calculation will certainly take their funds to repair is not stopped midway due to lack of funds, and turned into an attractive opportunity to make a more comfortable room, the whole family enjoys every day. When the bathroom repair professionals, then they do it in stages. you can make ordinary alterations to the bathroom, or order a comprehensive work. If you are ready to make a major overhaul, he performed in several stages. First, the walls and floors free from the old tile. Then the workers trowel walls, preparing them for subsequent studies. After that done wiring pipes hot and cold water, electrical work, treatment of walls waterproof mastic and only after finishing the interior of the special ceramic tiles. Particular attention should be paid to the ceiling, because due to the humid climate in the bathroom, fit a plastic, stretch or rack ceiling. In order to subsequently had no problems with electrical bathrooms, need to comply with all of its installation. Lined with ceramic tiles should be engaged in professional work, as it is very important and time-consuming process. Requires careful leveling of the surface made for further tiling, preferably using a special waterproofing compound.

Some simple tricks of national renovation

It's no secret that repair work at once in the entire apartment entails great financial burden is distributed on the stages of design - design, advance payments of the construction company, the financing of a complete set of consumables and much more on this later. The task of the customer - thereby distribute their material resources, primarily to avoid financial losses. In - the second, properly identify and solve those pressing issues that will determine the further stages of repair. It is no secret that repair work at once in the entire apartment entails great financial burden is distributed on the stages of design - design, advance payments of the construction company, the financing of a complete set of consumables and much more on this later. The task of the customer - thereby distribute their material resources, primarily to avoid financial losses. In - the second, properly identify and solve those pressing issues that will determine the further stages of repair. If you decide to carry out repairs in the flat stages, it is certainly best to start with a bathroom and toilet. It is a vicious cycle of works, carrying out which the firm will deliver to you a minimum of inconvenience. If funds permit, you can add to that volume replacement radiator and tile in the kitchen. These are the main types of jobs that are, as they say, clears the goods from the soul of the customer and allows you to visibly enjoy the realization of your plans. Further stages will be replacing electrical wiring, plaster, paint and hardwood work.

How to approach the repair

It's no secret that repair work at once in the entire apartment entails great financial burden is distributed on the stages of design - design, advance payments of the construction company, the financing of a complete set of consumables and much more on this later. The task of the customer - thereby distribute their material resources, primarily to avoid financial losses. In - the second, properly identify and solve those pressing issues that will determine the further stages of repair. It is no secret that repair work at once in the entire apartment entails great financial burden is distributed on the stages of design - design, advance payments of the construction company, the financing of a complete set of consumables and much more on this later. The task of the customer - thereby distribute their material resources, primarily to avoid financial losses. In - the second, properly identify and solve those pressing issues that will determine the further stages of repair. If you decide to carry out repairs in the flat stages, it is certainly best to start with a bathroom and toilet. It is a vicious cycle of works, carrying out which the firm will deliver to you a minimum of inconvenience. If funds permit, you can add to that volume replacement radiator and tile in the kitchen. These are the main types of jobs that are, as they say, clears the goods from the soul of the customer and allows you to visibly enjoy the realization of your plans. Further stages will be replacing electrical wiring, plaster, paint and hardwood work.

Repair

A few tips from the pros. The first thing necessary to begin repairs - is the choice of contractor - an organization that will take over all matters relating to the repair. Of course, you can invite to the different works by different organizations or teams, but as we know "in seven mamok - a child without the cereal." A few tips from the pros. The first thing necessary to begin repairs - is the choice of contractor - an organization that will take over all matters relating to the repair. Of course, you can invite to the different works by different organizations or teams, but as we know "in seven mamok - a child without the cereal." In case of problems, the guilty will not be found - the reason the marriage would be passed on to others. When choosing a contractor should not blindly believe the advertising. Advertising denotes gender, type of activity the firm, but the level of works is "left out". Need to go into the office to talk with the leadership, to see how this looks like an office, in particular, as he finished. If you take in the basement, and promise to build a palace - do not believe. Need to see whether a firm license for the production of works of interest to you. When operating without a license company will not be able to obtain all necessary permits and approvals, it has at any time, you may have problems that will be your rebound. And, most importantly, let show their work and recommendations. Second. Getting your contractor to begin, so it's taken care of as all utilities and communications.

Ideal eurorepair

You are tired of the standard layout of the apartment? You want the interior of your office, shop or bar was not worse than in Europe? You decide to make a complete renovation. Start to plan: there will be an arch, and here we must break the wall, but here put a new set of furniture in the Empire style. Liked you buy the materials, looking for people, and thoroughly explain to them that you need. They quote a price per m 2 and get to work. You are tired of the standard layout of the apartment? You want the interior of your office, shop or bar was not worse than in Europe? You decide to make a complete renovation. Start to plan: there will be an arch, and here we must break the wall, but here put a new set of furniture in the Empire style. Liked you buy the materials, looking for people, and thoroughly explain to them that you need. They quote a price per m 2 and get to work. Stop! Do you know what this renovation? Yes, first of all, this error correction builders. You should align the walls and floor. Yes, this is the use of advanced materials of European quality. But it is not renovated. Much more complicated. First of all you just need a professional interior designer. He - the main component of future success. When you create a new image of the premises and the area plays a role, and the location and layout. Only a designer, and no one else should decide where to break, and where to build. He will pick up really necessary combination of colors and objects, and not something you want to mistakenly.

Plastic window. Advantages over other products.

Windows. Benefits to the products made from similar material. In the production of window units worldwide implementation of new technologies of construction materials to improve thermal properties of windows, as well as to prolong their life cycle, which is important for the consumer. Polyester fiberglass - this is a fundamentally new design profiles. The technology of glass has been developed in Canada. For a long time for this technology to produce items for the defense industry, where the materials used (fayberglass-composite (PGA)) increased demands on the strength properties, thermal conductivity, resistance to environmental effects, durability and environmental friendliness. The main problem in applying the fiberglass has been linked to lack of technologies to produce from it profiles the desired configuration. Produce profiles of any configuration is possible with the introduction of production technology of pultrusion. The process is pulling through a heated spinneret fiberglass material impregnated with thermosetting resin. The output is a finished product - window profile. Fiberglass window units are used in residential and commercial buildings in the manufacture of commercial pavilions, balconies, porches, etc. Often used in the reconstruction and restoration of buildings of historical and cultural value. During the thermal tests showed that thermal resistance of windows and doors with bindings made of fiberglass, depending on the design and glass, matches, and sometimes even exceeds the heat transfer of a tree.

Good plastic windows - with protection against burglar, is everybody!

Good plastic windows are windows with protection against hacking. In our troubled times, few have ventured to set the wooden door to the apartment. But many overlook the fact that a significant number of burglaries committed by the penetration is not through the door and through windows. Breaking windows is not uncommon in growing by leaps and bounds of police bulletins. A paradox, almost all the apartments are input iron doors, and can penetrate through windows and a baby. There are thieves who specialize in this type of burglary. This is a criminal profession refer to the times of Stalin fortochnik. Then penetrated into the apartment more often than not by breaking the window, and left open through the windows. And often used for this purpose, namely children of small stature. Vents are quite different, but the criminal occupation remained. To enter the apartment through a plastic window, usually broken glass. As a rule, do it from the window of a neighboring apartment. Then, making sure that everything around is quiet, enter the apartment. More professional and less noisy way, this break in the window sash inside. Ironically, even relatively simple plastic box with protection from hacking effective enough against thieves. Making sure that you can not break the window, the attackers usually do not try to continue, as this may attract the attention of people on the street or inside the apartment. Breaking plastic windows will not be possible if it is a special window. In the market there are many models of plastic windows with protection against hacking.

Where to start repair

How to prepare for it so that after years of not living out of suitcases, swallowing dust, cursing "shabashniks" and collecting money for the missing material? Step one: define the purpose first of all understand, what repairs you need: beauty, overhaul or you're willing to spend money on renovation. Redecoration includes new wallpaper, painting ceilings, etc. How to prepare for it so that after years of not living out of suitcases, swallowing dust, cursing "shabashniks" and collecting money for the missing material? Step one: define the purpose first of all understand, what repairs you need: beauty, overhaul or you're willing to spend money on renovation. Redecoration includes new wallpaper, painting ceilings, etc. It is worth venturing, if you wanted to "renew garderobchik. By the way, redecorating recommended every five to seven years. Major repairs also suggests another, and replacement of doors and windows, plumbing, tiling floors and walls of the new tiles, replacement of wiring and more. If you decide to make alterations, you will, by itself, will have to engage in a major overhaul. Such repairs are usually sufficient for 15-20 years (provided that you do not forget to periodically "direct cosmetics"). Eurorepair involves major repairs, but the implementation of higher standards, using expensive high quality materials, installation of filters, replacement of pipes and various "excesses" such as a Jacuzzi or fireplace.

Surface preparation for painting.

For decoration apply adhesives, aqueous dispersion and oil paints. Most paints can be purchased in stores in the finished form or as semi-finished, some can prepare themselves, such as distemper (of water, chalk, pigments, dyes and adhesives). Repairs begin with the processing of previously painted surfaces. Before coating the adhesive paint plaster surfaces need to be primed. Primers distempers are soap-boiling (soap-boiler), vitriol "aluminous. When selecting the composition of the primer should be aware that some pigments change color under the influence of vitriol (copper sulfate), so if there is such pigments in the paint should be applied primer soap-boiler or aluminous. Recipes soap primer: a) lime - 2 kg soap - 200 g, water - 10 l, b) lime putty fat - 3 kg soap - 300 g, linseed oil - 100 g, water 10 liters. First dissolve the soap in 2 liters of boiling water. This solution was poured varnish. Then in 8 liters of water dissolved lime and pour cooked soap-oil solution. To obtain alum soil take 200 grams of alum, 200 g of soap, 200 g of dry wood glue, 30 g of linseed oil and 2 kg of sifted chalk in one dish was dissolved in 3 liters of boiling water alum, in another - as in 3 liters of boiling water - glue, add soap and varnish. Then pour in the alum solution, add water, chalk and fall asleep all mixed together. Priming compositions applied primaries tassels. When the primer surface should not drive a brush in one direction, and the length and breadth. If after drying the soil are dark streaks or spots, they must be primed again.

Repair work

It so happened that after the successful acquisition of any property, whether - the new home or the office, virtually all homeowners to commence repair works, and only a few cases are the exception. But the acquisition of real estate is not the only reason to start a repair - it may be necessary, which is associated with the redevelopment of premises and so on. However, the implementation of repair works, are usually quite long, complex and laborious process. Therefore, the best option is to hire experts, good day is not a problem, so many different construction companies, and just team builders widely advertise their services. But the choice of workers who will perform all repair work is required to treat very thoroughly. Responsibility is not the main character trait in our country, which is why you can often find employees who violate every imaginable and unimaginable periods of construction or repair. How could identify among the large number of proposals is one that will be the best? Now the best solution is to involve the implementation of the construction and repair work of specialists who work in construction companies, whose basic activity is the implementation of various repair works. With the construction company can enter into a formal agreement under which the repair work should be undertaken within clearly defined terms. Forming a contract with the construction company should provide all the details - the timing of repair, quality and other circumstances, but in this case, if the firm does not comply with its obligations, you may request compensation from her.

Choosing a bed

Buy the bed is not difficult. It is difficult - to find a bed on which you will fully relax. To avoid mistakes, you need to know design features of the bed. The bed is single, double and half. Single bed in a width of not more than 1 meter. Width sesquioxide bed, from 110 to 150 cm double bed and the width of not less than 160 cm bed consists of a frame, the frame. To the frame put the mattress. Bed frame - it's back and side panels. Frames are assembled from planks or metal tubes with established across the wooden slats. The more, the bed firmer. If on such a frame mattress, the healthy sleep is guaranteed. Headboard can be regarded as "face" of the bed. It defines the style of all bedrooms. Manufacturers of products are divided on the classics and modern. By classics include Empire, Baroque, English Romanesque, Gothic. Art Nouveau is called a bed at the vanguard of a techno style. They feature - and graphically crisp lines, minimalism. Material for the manufacture of beds used in the most different. For affordable bed used upholstery hardboard. The main requirement for a tree - its excellent dried. Bed - a functional thing. It is required first and foremost comfortable mattress

Furniture of metal

Successfully selected furniture can not only give added convenience to work, but also emphasize the right notes in the atmosphere of the room. Furniture of metal can confirm the image of a stable, modern and reliable company. However, metal furniture set not only in offices but also in homes. Metal in the house, of course, in order to furnish your home with metal and glass kitchen utensils, is required considerable courage to share, but such a move is able to select the design of any apartment of a series of identical twin brothers at the apartments, so-called European style. For the convenience of home metal furniture reduced to the following factors: - Resistance to ingress of moisture (wet cleaning, the accident at the neighbors from the top, etc.) - Metal will never become a dust collector because of the properties of its surface - space saving housing at the expense of more modest dimensions thickness parts of metal furniture Metal office furniture metal parts in the office gives the impression of style, modernity and stability. Modern designers offer a lot of options for addressing the design of metal furniture for the office. Undoubted advantage to increase the diversity of appearance of the office serves as the possibility of painting the metal in any color. That is, the company's corporate identity can be easily realized in the form of its furniture. Appearance of office equipment and metal furniture perfectly fit together. Incidentally, research psychologists confirm the fruitful influence on the performance of metal furniture.

Furniture made of glass

Most popular glass furniture attributed to many factors. Here and elegant appearance, and environmental friendliness, and unhindered access of light. With the help of glass furniture can confirm his reputation as a modern, progressive company. The use of glass in the manufacture of furniture was used long ago. However, manufacturers are only now bringing to market products entirely made of glass (tables, bar counters, doors, cabinets, chests and even chairs). The material in question is able to give even the most simple form of product elegance and beauty. With the help of glass furniture designers achieve the effect of the expansion of small rooms. Glass goes well with many materials. He has no conflict with either wood or with metal or with wicker elements, nor, even, with the skin. Some people are afraid to buy furniture made of glass, because people mistakenly believe that it is ephemeral. True, the glass - a brittle material, however furniture is used only glass, a thickness of no less than eight millimeters. Also, furniture glass, as a rule is processed, increasing its strength (hardening, Booker). This glass can withstand a substantial load and, during normal operation, will serve no less (and likely longer), furniture made of other materials. Elements of glass furniture is decorated with a variety of ways: to give the effect of haze, is treated with an edge, make the patterned deposition, stained glass, creates different effects. Without the glass elements could not be the existence of design trends, like hi-tech.

Furniture made of MDF

MDF called fiberboard, which is at its density is inferior particleboard, chipboard or plywood. Its name, this plate is an abbreviation of the English phrases medium density fiberboard, which literally means - a plate medium density. Medium density fiberboard is made of fine wood fibers that are pre-grinding and drying. The fibers are pressed with the addition of a binder of synthetic origin. Such substance, is usually the lignin. Lignin is easily melted in the heat treatment. MDF is widely used in the furniture industry. It is a popular material used in the manufacture of furniture fronts and other furniture items. Also out of MDF make various decorative interior elements, such as wall panels (battens), coffers, ornamental rails, baseboards and millwork, such as interior doors and frames. In fact MDF is an advanced version of well-known to any Russian men Fiberboard - fibreboard. Dry method for manufacturing fiberboard received technological development, which appeared in Nature and the material called MDF. In the production of MDF used compressed mode pressing and new binders, as well as a new mechanism of interaction between the fibers. All this provides a medium density fiberboard higher, compared with fibreboard strength. One of the factors of competitiveness of price and quality characteristics of MDF is that for the production of this material is used low-grade wood and wood waste industries, such as cutting, slabs, chips, and others. Advantages of MDF. - An alternative to more expensive types of finishing materials - high quality indicators - Environmental and hygiene - Availability (as at least 50 percent less wood) - High level of sound insulation and thermal insulation - easily to any method of processing and shaping, so the details of MDF look much prettier than similar plywood or chipboard MDF Disadvantages The main drawback of MDF is that it is stronger compared to other furniture panels subjected to mechanical influences by the low level of density.

Collecting rainwater from the roof

To save the walls from rain water and discharge it from the roof gutter semicircular or rectangular (rarely V-shaped) profile. Gutters are made mostly of galvanized steel. At the side of tin gutters for increased rigidity roll steel wire with a diameter of 3 mm. In recent years, as the gutters are using PVC pipe halves. Depending on the location of gutters are hanging and wall. All gutters should have a slope of 0,005-0,015 (5-15 mm at 1 PM). Profile trough area due to the roof, from which it drains the water. Approximately 1 m2 of the roof should account for 1 cm2 of the gutter. For example, a square chute for the roof area of ??50 m2 must have dimensions of about 7x7 cm Gutters are made to be functioning as a length of 200 cm depending on the profile: 120,160,200 semicircular diameter and 240 mm for water drainage from the roof area of ??50,90,150 and 220 m2 square gutters are made from elements of the size 50x50; 88x80; 100x100 and 130x130 mm. Clamps made of sheet steel for attaching gutters need to be strengthened durable, because in a strong flow on each meter trough around 20 kg of water. At the top end chute tip at the bottom - a funnel through which water is drained into the sewer. Downpipes are made of prefabricated length of 200 cm diameter pipes should be such that 1 m2 of the roof had 0.8 cm2 area of ??the pipe. Elements inserted one into the other (top to bottom) at 6 cm are fixed elements to the wall in increments of 2 m. The bottom of the downspout goes into a concrete gutter, with a gradient.

Children's computer chair.

In our computer age is irrelevant sound line Mayakovsky a good boy who "pokes her finger in a book." Modern child, barely learned to walk, climbing up to the computer and pokes her finger into the keyboard, gazing intently at the screen. Here he meets with characters from fairy tales, plays, draws, sings, and later develops the curriculum and understand the world. Therefore, organizing a work area child, you need to with utmost attention and care in selecting the furniture, in particular children's computer chair or chairs. After all, health, mood, and performance of your user will depend on how well you pick the appropriate age and growth model. If a kid just went to school and have not had time to get used to a long tiring sitting, it will likely be to use a computer chair on wheels, not on purpose, turning it into a race car or minikarusel. In this case, think about the usual steady chair without rollers (eg, Russian or Belarusian production of about $ 600 - 800 rub.). To create more comfortable conditions possible, put a cushion on the seat, attach the cushion to a chair, placed under the feet of the stand. For older children it is quite suitable adjustable chair on rollers. All current models are equipped with hydraulic lift - gas lift, which allows you to change the height of the chair and provides cushioning during landing. The back seat has an anatomic shape to maintain the correct posture in children, can change the height of the back and seat depth. Be sure to check on how much weight is designed chair.

Furniture made of wood

Wooden furniture is not new-fangled trend. Tree - this is the only material that is in all ages has been demanded for furniture manufacturing. Technical innovations that make us happy modern inventors, nor in any way forced people to abandon the use of natural wood furniture manufacture. It should be noted that not all woods are suitable for making furniture. Here we consider those species that have been successfully used in furniture manufacture. One of the major factors affecting both the accessibility to treatment, and the endurance product is wood density. There are three groups: a very hard rock, hard rock and soft rock. Do any of the members of these groups have their own wood, furniture maker in terms of advantages and disadvantages. Dwell on the consideration of the key used for the manufacture of furniture wood. Beech. Hardwoods. Different ductility and durability, is easy to varnishing, waxing, painting, sanding and bleaching. Used as a veneer for the manufacture of furniture, as well as an array. Suitable for virtually all types of furniture. By the degree of expensiveness occupies a middle position between the pine and oak. Nut. Hardwoods. Used as a veneer and finishing of expensive furniture. The most expensive kind - black walnut. Almost never used as an array. Oak. Hardwoods. Characterized by high durability, resistance to rot, ease of gluing and adaptability to carving. Array of oak make expensive furniture and decorated with oak veneer less expensive. Very rarely use the natural greenish-brown oak, mostly oak podmarivayut.

Wardrobe

Sliding doors are furniture, both for home and office. One of their main advantages - they are very comfortable and allow you to save space: fit harmoniously into the hallways, bedrooms. What is important, given the different layout of apartments and rooms in a small package, this cabinet will take a little more space. With the help of wardrobe you can modify the interior of any apartment, and optimally organize the space - to close the lack of space, visually enhance it (with mirrored doors). What good are lockers? Firstly, custom closet designed by individual order, which takes into account all the features of your plan. Perhaps the use of walls, ceiling and floor as a rear and side walls, and floor and ceiling of the cabinet. Save space and also sliding doors. Internal filling cabinet is made according to your wishes. This may be a closet filled with all sorts of shelves, mezzanines, boxes and baskets, and can be a simple model that includes only the most necessary. It all depends on you. Built-in closet you can put in any niche or pier. Depending on the features of your apartment closet may not be back, top, bottom or side wall, which, incidentally, save the material and, therefore, and your money. Polnosborochny differs from the built-in cabinet that has all the elements of furniture - its own floor and ceiling, walls. That is, it ceases to be built, and differs from conventional cabinets only in the presence of doors with sliding doors. Oh, and the price of this cabinet is more expensive.

Wrapping cloth.

Special beauty, comfort room attached to walls, floors covered with cloth. To apply the finishing linen and cotton fabrics, burlap. Attach the fabric to the wall can be, except for sticking, and also with slats or frames. Adhered fabric surface of the walls is necessary to prepare the way for pasting self-adhesive films: it must be absolutely smooth, well proshiatlevannoy. Pasting the cloth on the walls of the best adhesive on CMC, mastics "Bustilat" and "Gumilaks, casein glue and flour paste. Due to the fact that the fabric when wet and drying can provide a strong contraction, it must first check on a separate piece. For this piece of cloth should be wet and dry. If it turns out that the fabric sits down heavily, it must be all wet and dry (this process is called dekotirovaniem). With a small shrinkage of the fabric can be used without soaking: a small shrinkage will contribute to a better stretching it to the surface. First, cover the walls with a thin layer of glue, then placing the fabric back to back and smooth it with a brush. Botox produces "herringbone" - the top of the middle leaf to the edges, all the while controlling the junction with the adjacent blade. As we know, the walls covered with cloth, is going to a lot of dust, so they should be regularly vacuumed. Therefore it is better immediately after the stickers and dry cloth to cover a thin polymer film. In this case the tissue are much longer. To cover the fabric of the polymer film it is sprayed with a solution perchlorvinyl resin in acetone (50-75 g of resin per 1 liter of acetone) or with varnish.

Application of liquid wallpaper.

Deposition of liquid wallpaper is simple and accessible to everyone. The most important stage for a qualitative application of liquid wallpaper is to prepare the work surface. Necessary to complete removal of old wallpaper, glue stains, etc. Liquid wallpaper can be applied to plaster walls, the walls are painted with oil-or water-dispersion paint. Metal parts must be primed with enamel or oil paint, plastic and plastikovidnye surface - water-dispersion paint with the addition of PVA glue in the amount of 10-15% of its amount. If the existing coating has an intense color, in order to avoid its manifestation outward through the damage of the liquid wallpaper must be a primer to use waterproof formulations (specific primer, oil paint, enamel, etc.) and priming carried out in two layers. In the next stage (after drying primer) the source material - a dry track - mixed thoroughly in a plastic container with water, added gradually in portions, to obtain a homogeneous mass with the consistency of thick cream. In this case, the solution was removed from the large inclusions of the material. To expedite the preparation of liquid wallpaper using warm water with temperatures around 25 ° C. After this batch is aged for 15-20 minutes before applying again mixed. To get the perfect uniformity of color coating solution was prepared simultaneously from multiple packages. To personalize the interior of a mixture of liquid wallpaper adds various decorative additions. All prepared for the work surface should be covered in one step.

Protection of metal piping from corrosion

Pipes made of iron and steel, after installation is exposed to soil corrosion. The main causes of soil corrosion, may be chemical, electrochemical and electrical factors. The chemical corrosion of the gradual destruction of the metal of the pipe is made, due to the action of liquids, non-electrolytes, and corrosive gases. In this case, the wall of the pipe is usually uniformly thinning, and thus the probability of through injury in this type of corrosion is small. The main cause of corrosion in the soil is electrochemical corrosion. Metal pipe then becomes an electrode and ground water with dissolved salts in them are the electrolyte. Danger of galvanic corrosion is the narrow focus of its action, which can lead to local ulceration and cavities in the walls of the pipeline, which can eventually turn into a through-hole and violate the integrity of the pipeline. Permanent effect on the pipeline of stray currents (generated, for example, as a result of leaks from rail electrified transport in the soil) can cause electrical corrosion associated with metal by electrolysis. This type of corrosion is very common in the city, especially near the traction substations trams and trolleybuses. The intensity of corrosion in the soil depends primarily on moisture content in the soil electrolytes (acids and salts) and air capacity of the soil to conduct electrical current. In dry soil corrosion is much slower than in the wet (the corrosion rate is maximal when the water content in soil ranges from 11 to 13%).

Erosion remnants of concrete and cement

Retsaykler concrete mixtures BetonWash is the final decision on the issue of residual concrete and cement slurry formed during the washing of mixers, concrete pumps, stationary concrete mixers and cement plants, bucket address supply, production lines and other equipment, the construction industry. Manufactured mobile and stationary retsayklingovye installation of erosion cement concrete mixture performance of erosion of concrete: 10, 25 m3 / h and a capacity of cement washout solutions of 4, 8 m3 / h. BetonWash provides erosion and separation of solid materials with a diameter more than 0.15 mm. using a spiral system, a rotating drum inside inclined razmyvochnogo: drain the water the cement slurry from the drum takes place through a side opening through the stimulated overflow of water in the slurry tanks, from which the cement slurry is used in the further production of concrete in the mixer. System versatility is achieved by using hopper that can be installed on three sides by the drum retsayklera, which allows for washing four mixers simultaneously, or the acceptance of the buckets, concrete pumps and other process equipment. Retsaykler BetonWash equipped: receiving hopper of concrete with dimensions of 3x1, 5 6x1, 5 meters in two columns, equipped with manual or pneumatic control three-way stopcock. slurry pump power 3-6,7 kW, pressure of 2 bars, productivity 900-2300 l / min (feeding at 10 am). submersible slurry pump capacity of 2,2-5,2 kW, pressure of 2 bars, productivity 700-1800 l / min (feeding at 10 am).

choose the repair firm

These days to make repairs are needed not only great material resources, but also a decent internal forces, because many have experienced the effect of saying that the repairs can not be completed, it can only be suspended. At one time almost every start their independent performance of repair work, trying to learn the basics of building skill. Not everyone is given the opportunity to find and purchase the necessary construction materials, and of course, few could guess about updates to existing and new technologies in this field. Now we can not worry about the future repairs - construction companies to provide any services, ranging from building construction and finishing of its interior design. Of course, good professionals to effectively build and repair your home, yet do not relax. What is the real cause of fear for the future man in the street repairs? Probably did not hesitate to call the list of reasons. First, the poor level of maintenance and design of housing justified low craftsmen who carry it out. Other reason - unfair and excessive "entrepreneurial spirit" of some companies whose employees are not adequately trained, thus not able to accurately calculate the amount of materials needed, therefore, high consumption of material resources. Of course, the cost of the work, given the above reasons, seriously increases and causes a lot of unfortunate experiences. Happens is that irresponsible employees do not keep the time construction work on the contract concluded.

Tectonics, or the art of building

To create an expressive look and feel of an apartment house is of great importance tectonics. It primarily reflects the degree of stability of structures under the influence of gravity. Therefore, you should distinguish between carriers that support and carried by the elements, as well as protecting the surface. Depending on the plan, they can be (they produce their impression) "severe" or "light", "massive" or "spatial", "static" or "dynamic". For example the roof of static forms, painted in "serious" tone, associated with the term "roof". If it rests on massive proportions and articulation of the walls, then the impression of stability is enhanced. Acute same asymmetrical roof, painted in bright, light tone with a slightly detect edges with a wall, makes the overall impression of instability. Thus, along with the tectonics of the whole formed by tectonics and live parts of the building. In general, there are three variants of the artistic development of structures: - Constructive tectonics-a direct reflection of the constructive structure, such as a skeleton of wooden porch, which consists of supporting uprights, horizontal studs and lintels, and filled with filler elements, glazing and cladding - Art tectonics and artistic reflection the principal features of the design, such as receptions, highlighting the stability of the stone wall, the stresses in it, growing to a bottom under the force of gravity, the pointing "by laying" cap, small windows in the lower part of the wall, and larger at the top with a light frame around them, strained vertical pilasters at the corners and piers and ornamental bridges over the openings, and in addition, the light tone of the upper part of the wall and more dense, heavy bottom part and the cap - a false tectonics or atektonika - decorative forms distorted ideas about carrying capacity and voltage structural elements, such as self-arrangement of color stains and finishes, which, as it is superimposed on the facade.

Real estate agency. How skillfully chosen

Bureau of real estate - a type of case, where the prosperity of fraud and consumer fraud has become of significant size. Then, as quickly and disingenuously, many realtors are working with what acumen they are suitable to perform tasks, continually amazes everyone who deals with them. Fortunately, among the large number of companies are many and those that comply with the laws and really can help their clients buy or sell real estate. As a rule, dishonest bureau will soon phase out its activities, because it gets a bad reputation and a stream of visitors keeps on giving. But in the big cities, where large numbers of people, unscrupulous organizations have time to make a lot of deals and fool a sufficient number of consumers. Before turning to the organization in order to gain assistance in the design of the transaction to buy or sell the premises, is to evaluate the dossier of the company - how many years the firm operates in a market where rents office look like employees of the firm, what are the conditions of the contract. The contract, which can provide you with the company's managers should include the following: its validity period, the cost of service realtor, rights and responsibilities of the customer agency. If the contract specified only duties the consumer - in front of your office - a crook. Remember that the realtor should not demand money from you for coming to inspect the premises, as well as for leaving work with you to inspect the facilities. The agent has no right to offer you services not provided in the agreement and provide them for a fee.