Which only types of flooring or invented in recent times - linoleum, carpet, deck, raised floors, etc. etc. Still, the most attractive for owners of apartments, houses, offices remains the word "parquet" (translated from the French "bar"). Miniature plates of some form, carefully fitted together, covered with a special varnish or rubbed to create a beautiful light, durable, warm base in any room. Until recently the natural flooring of different species of tree has not been any serious competitors. However, with many advantages, it had one drawback - a high price. Which only types of floor coverings or invented in recent times - linoleum, carpet, deck, raised floors, etc. etc. Still, the most attractive for owners of apartments, houses, offices remains the word "parquet" (translated from the French "bar"). Miniature plates of some form, carefully fitted together, covered with a special varnish or rubbed to create a beautiful light, durable, warm base in any room. Until recently the natural flooring of different species of tree has not been any serious competitors. However, with many advantages, it had one drawback - a high price. Resourceful person and then find a way out - came up with something very similar to natural parquet, surpassing it in durability and affordable. A new material called laminate flooring, or just a laminate. Laminate - a laminated product made of different materials, reminiscent of a cake, filled with odds and ends. The basis of it - fiber, or HDF, which is composed of recycled wood-related compound. To the floor less rub, instead of plates, wood began to apply a decorative protective coating on the basis of melamine. The result was a decent analog flooring, retaining its main positive quality - ecological purity and specificity of the figure, but a slightly lower cost, increased durability, resistant to scratches and dents. And, importantly, it can be washed. Each manufacturer laminate their secrets, but in all cases, it has at least four layers: a protective upper (solid film from a special resin), decorative (resin-impregnated paper coated with a picture), the main (carrier hardboard High density - HDF) and stabilizing the lower (or waxed paper impregnated with resin). Top coating of melamine or acrylic resin and is a single layer and multilayer may contain microscopic mineral particles (corundum), its further processed, for example, electron beams, cover the top neelektrizuyuscheysya film, etc. This coverage provides the laminate properties such as abrasion resistance, resistance to stains, chemicals, sunlight, resistant to all kinds of mechanical damage. Decorative layer is allocated as part of a purely formal way: if pressing the upper layer of the resin impregnates the paper image, and forms with it a whole. The basis of most laminates - hardboard high density 6,7-7,7 mm thick (high density flag, abbreviated HDF). It is distinguished by high mechanical strength (in particular, on a break), water resistance (1,5-2 times higher than that of wood-fiber boards) and lower content of formaldehyde resins. It is this carrier plate material provides shock resistance, pressure resistance and long loads. For resistance to abrasion (which is estimated by testing Taber) laminate is divided into 6 classes. Most of the laminate, available in the Russian market - from Germany, including the Corporation's products Perstop Flooring AB - one of the world's first developer of laminate flooring. Minimum price laminate coatings - 8,3 $ / m2, maximum - $ 36 / m2. Naturally, the price depends on quality, and quality - of the indicators of its fundamental properties, which include: abrasion resistance (abrasion resistance), resistance to prolonged stress (pressure, wrinkling), impact resistance, resistance to scratches and cracks, resistance to stains; resistance to chemicals, resistance to ultraviolet, burnout (light resistance), thermal (heat resistance, resistance to burning cigarette), environmental safety, hygienic (easy cleaning), ease of installation (assembly), the thermal conductivity (the ability to CC-Debugger your floor) . The most important criterion of quality is by far the durability of the material. Any kind of laminate is initially designed for certain operating conditions, the intensity of the load. Each meets the requirements for its class. Three of the "lower" class - 21, 22, 23 are designed to "move a small number of people." Should preferably be used only in the residential sector. The three "higher" classes (31, 32, 33) include laminated coating that can withstand the stresses in the public areas with different "attendance", the so-called "commercial laminates. Choosing laminate for a particular room, remember his "klassnosti" and do not use the kitchen laminate, designed for the bedroom. The main disadvantage of the vast majority of flooring, including laminate floors, - fear of water. Witex firm has been working consistently to improve the water resistance of the laminate. In some series ends HDF treated with waterproof compounds (resins, adhesives). A series of laminates Art & Contry, made to the system Aqua-Protect, you can even use the bathroom. Although most pictures of laminate flooring simulate fine wood, laminate, and is "under a stone - marble, granite. It can also simulate the metallic and dyed surface. In recent years, came into vogue laminate with fantastic motifs, ornaments and even a picture of some items. Plate laminate "wood" is usually long as the board. Large squares are most often used for laminating with a "stone" and "metallic" decor, and small - for ornaments and other decorative items. Plates of different shapes when laying is easy to combine. Laying laminate flooring is quite simple. The main thing to remember - it can not be glued to the floor. Going to laminate the so-called "Floating": the plates are fastened on a "thorn in the groove." For a long time it was mandatory compliance with two requirements: to use a special brand of glue for gluing the ends of the plates and use of the "substrate" of corrugated cardboard or tubes for leveling under the laminate to the floor was not "booming". Now there are collections of glueless laminate binder with locking connection. Its volume increases. Company ALLOC, for example, applies a lock of aluminum, installed on heavy-duty laminate Fibo-Trespo. Another castle, Fiboloc cut through the middle of fiber laminate direct compression of high durability. Board laminated cover band, snapping their edges into one another. Lock design allows you to quickly and securely connect the boards together. With regard to the substrate, then recently published a series of laminates Silit Comfort Company Witex, in which the substrate is already included in the structure of the coating. Laminate confidently took up positions in a number of floor coverings (in Europe - 8% of sales), surpassing linoleum and carpeting. And there is no doubt that his popularity will grow.
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